Probable hepatic capillariosis and hydatidosis in an adolescent from the late Roman period buried in Amiens (France)

Mowlavi, Gholamreza; Kacki, Sacha; Dupouy‐Camet, Jean; Mobedi, Iraj; Makki, Mahsasadat; Harandi, Majid Fasihi; Naddaf, Saied Reza

doi:10.1051/parasite/2014010

Cited by 22 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…An unusual capillariid finding was made in a body dating from the Roman period in France [30]. X-ray and cross section analysis identified two hydatid cysts, probably developed by the larval stage of Echinococcus sp.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Worldwide paleodistribution of capillariid parasites: Paleoparasitology, current status of phylogeny and taxonomic perspectives

et al. 2019

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Introduction Paleoparasitology, the study of parasites in the past, brings the knowledge of where and when they occurred in preterit populations. Some groups of parasites, as capillariids, have a complex and controversial systematic, hindering the paleoparasitological diagnosis. In this article, we synthesized the occurrence of capillariids in both the New and the Old World in ancient times, and discussed the difficulty of the diagnosis of species and the strategies for identification. The present review also shows the current status of the phylogeny in capillariids and indicates the necessity to try new approaches for a better understanding of capillariid paleodistribution. Methods For the systematic review, a predefined guideline defined by PRISMA was used. The articles collected were identified, screened, and included in the review following criteria for eligibility. The current status of the phylogeny of capillariids was accessed using MUSCLE, Bioedit v.7.0.5 and MEGA v. 7.0.21 programs. Results The review discussed 38 articles that presented information about capillariids in past populations. Most of capillariid eggs found in the New and Old World were not identified. However, Calodium hepaticum eggs were the most identified, as some from Eucoleus genus. It was observed that sites from the New World had a better chance for capillariid egg identification, due to previous knowledge of its host, when compared to the Old World. In the 18S rDNA phylogenetic analyses, two datasets were constructed, one including sequences from 7 Moravec’s genera, where 3 genus-specific clusters, with high bootstrap values, could be observed for Capillaria (ML = 99%, NJ = 96%), Eucoleus (ML / NJ = 100%) and Paratrichosoma (ML / NJ = 100%). A fourth cluster of 18S rDNA dataset I revealed lack of definition of Pearsonema and Aonchotheca genera. The 18S rDNA dataset II comprised 8 Moravec’s genera and defined 3 clusters, 2 genus-specific for Eucoleus (ML = 99%, NJ = 100%) and Capillaria (ML / NJ = 98%). The third 18S rDNA dataset II cluster included 6 genera and exhibited, once again, Pearsonema and Aonchotheca poor discrimination. The cox 1 gene data consist of 4 Moravec’s genera, and in spite of grouping some species-specific clusters, did not show genera-specific definition. Conclusions Despite the numerous archaeological findings, both in the New and the Old Worlds, the identification of capillariid species based on the morphology and morphometry of eggs remains imprecise, often resulting in a generic diagnosis of a group or morphotype of capillariid. Capillariid is one of the most diverse group of helminths r...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Worldwide paleodistribution of capillariid parasites: Paleoparasitology, current status of phylogeny and taxonomic perspectives

et al. 2019

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“…It was suggested that there are two possible reasons for the higher prevalence of TBPs in sheep as compared to goats: firstly, detection of ticks can be hampered by too much hair, which covers the sheep, resulting in persistence and low awareness of TBPs in sheep. Secondly, differences in natural resistance against TBPs among sheep and goats could influence the prevalence of the parasites (Aydin, Aktas & Dumanli 2015 , Gebrekidan et al 2014 ; Rjeibi et al 2014 ). Although the pathogen is less pathogenic, it cannot be completely neglected.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…B. ovis is considered to be one of the most important TBPs in small ruminants and its absence could also be an indication that the pathogen is not common in the study area. From documented literature, B. ovis has only been documented in northern African countries including Algeria and Tunisia (Aouadi et al 2017 ; Rjeibi et al 2014 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parasites of veterinary importance from domestic animals in uMkhanyakude district of KwaZulu-Natal province

Mofokeng

Taioe

Smit

et al. 2020

J. S. Afr. Vet. Assoc.

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This study investigated the occurrence and phylogenetic relationship of protozoan parasites and Ehrlichia infecting domestic animals from three municipalities in uMkhanyakude district of KwaZulu-Natal province, South Africa. A total of 208 blood samples collected from clinically healthy cattle, sheep, goats and dogs from uMkhanyakude district were examined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays, using either genus or species-specific primers to determine the occurrence and phylogenetic relationship of various protozoan parasites and Ehrlichia of veterinary importance. A total of 5/109 (4.6%) cattle were PCR-positive for the presence of Toxoplasma gondii, 33/109 (30.3%) for Babesia bovis, 24/109 (22.02%) for Babesia bigemina and 20/109 (18.3%) for Trypanosoma sp., while 3/10 (30%) of sheep were PCR-positive for Theileria ovis and none of the goats were positive for any of the detected pathogens. The co-infection of 4/109 (3.7%) B. bovis and B. bigemina was detected in cattle. Only Ehrlichia canis was detected in dogs with infection rate of 20/48 (41.7%). Sequences of PCR-positive isolates (B. bovis, B. bigemina, E. canis, T. ovis and T. gondii) showed that they were closely related to their relevant species from various countries. These findings have expanded our knowledge about the prevalence and phylogenetic similarity between protozoan parasites and Ehrlichia isolates of South African origin. To date, this is the first study in South Africa to detect T. gondii infections from cattle blood using PCR.

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“…Besides roundworm and whipworm, the lancet liver fluke (Dicrocoelium dendriticum), Taenia tapeworms, fish tapeworm (Diphyllobothrium spp. ), Fasciola liver fluke, Capillaria spp., pinworm (Enterobius vermicularis), and protozoa causing dysentery (Giardia duodenalis and Entamoeba histolytica) have all been found in faecal samples studied from Roman period sites (Rouffignac, 1985;Horne, 2002;Harter, 2003;Le Bailly and Bouchet, 2010;Le Bailly and Bouchet, 2013;Mowlavi et al, 2014). There was also the potential to find the eggs of schistosomes from those people who travelled to Ephesus from Africa or the Middle East (Anastasiou and Mitchell, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal parasites from public and private latrines and the harbour canal in Roman Period Ephesus, Turkey (1st c. BCE to 6th c. CE)

Ledger

Stock

Schwaiger

et al. 2018

Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports

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To improve our knowledge of the parasite species affecting the inhabitants of Roman period Asia Minor, we analysed faecal material from Ephesus, Turkey. Mineralised material from the drain from a private house latrine (3 rd c. CE), sediment samples from the sewer drain of a public communal latrine (6 th c. CE), and sediment from the harbour canal (ca. 1 st c. BCE to ca. 6 th c. CE) were studied for the presence of intestinal parasites. Samples were viewed by light microscopy for helminth eggs, and commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits were used to test for protozoal parasites that cause dysentery. Eggs of roundworm were found in the public latrine, whipworm in the house latrine, and both whipworm and roundworm in the harbour canal. Sequential sampling of the harbour core suggests that whipworm was by far the most common parasite throughout the Roman period, and there was no clear evidence for change in parasite species over the centuries.Whipworm and roundworm are both spread by the contamination of food and drink by human faeces. Despite the large number of travellers to Ephesus, as the capital of its province and a major port city in the Roman Empire, there was a surprising lack of diversity in parasite species found. This is especially apparent when we consider that ten species of intestinal parasite have been found across the Roman Empire. This is the first Roman site to be directly assessed for differences between infection in individuals using private latrines, public latrines, and mixed town effluent (in the harbour) at the same site.

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Probable hepatic capillariosis and hydatidosis in an adolescent from the late Roman period buried in Amiens (France)

Cited by 22 publications

References 28 publications

Worldwide paleodistribution of capillariid parasites: Paleoparasitology, current status of phylogeny and taxonomic perspectives

Worldwide paleodistribution of capillariid parasites: Paleoparasitology, current status of phylogeny and taxonomic perspectives

Parasites of veterinary importance from domestic animals in uMkhanyakude district of KwaZulu-Natal province

Intestinal parasites from public and private latrines and the harbour canal in Roman Period Ephesus, Turkey (1st c. BCE to 6th c. CE)

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