Probabilistic health risk assessment of zinc oxide nanoparticles from consumer products in adult populations

Abstract

Zinc oxide nanoparticles (n-ZnO) are one of the most ever-increasing utilized nanomaterials in consumer products. Due to their antibacterial properties and superior efficiency in absorbing ultraviolet radiation, it is widely...

Deciphering the Impact of ZnO Nanoparticles and a Sunscreen Product Containing ZnO on Phosphorus Dynamics and Release in Chlorella pyrenoidosa in Aquatic Systems

“…Conversely, the cell density observed in the sunscreen and Zn 2+ groups was lower than that of the original DOP group, attributable to the toxicity of Zn 2+ and other sunscreen ingredients (such as TiO 2 ) on the algae. Previous reports have highlighted sunscreen’s potential to stimulate various hormonal activities and induce ROS production, posing risks to human health and the ecosystem . The chlorophyll a content significantly increased in all treatment groups within a 15 day incubation period (Figure B).…”

“…Sunscreens are extensively utilized daily, and evaluating their safety is crucial for human health and the environment. Studies have documented that sunscreens can trigger hormonal activities and generate reactive oxygen species (ROS). − The limited list of chemicals available for use as sunscreen ingredients is concerning. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved zinc oxide (ZnO) for UV-A absorption in sunscreens.…”

The nanosafety assessment of ENMs under a dermal exposure scenario: from key molecular events to in silico modeling tools

“…, size, shape, surface chemistry, and agglomerate/aggregation states) and the protocols for fabricating, measuring, and testing ENMs. 34,35…”

“…Besides, it is sometimes difficult to draw clear conclusions because the experimental results are greatly influenced by numerous interrelated nano-properties (e.g., size, shape, surface chemistry, and agglomerate/aggregation states) and the protocols for fabricating, measuring, and testing ENMs. 34,35 In silico predictive nanoinformatics using data or metadata derived from in vitro or in vivo results have provided a promising screening approach for the timely hazard assessment of diverse ENMs as well as the integration of a "safe-by-design" strategy at their early development stage. 36,37 As the biological/toxicological activity of ENMs is closely related to their structural or physicochemical characteristics, a set of these characteristics creates a unique descriptor of a given ENM.…”

Toward Understanding the Environmental Risks of Combined Microplastics/Nanomaterials Exposures: Unveiling ZnO Transformations after Adsorption onto Polystyrene Microplastics in Environmental Solutions

“…Sunscreens usually contain ZnO ENMs as the main active ingredient, to alleviate the risks associated with direct sun radiation onto the human skin, due to its great efficiency in absorbing UV radiation. [ 1 ] Precisely, one of the primary pathways for environmental exposure to ZnO ENMs will be their subsequent disposal through drainage water (e.g., after swimming activities). [ 2 ] The ZnO subproducts will then be processed through municipal sewage systems, [ 3 ] ultimately ending up being incorporated into seawater.…”