Probabilistic Expert Systems for Forensic Inference from Genetic Markers

Dawid, A. P.; Mortera, Julia; Pascali, Vincenzo Lorenzo; Boxel, DW Van

doi:10.1111/1467-9469.00307

Cited by 103 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In [3] it is described a new approach to the problems mentioned in 1. The construction and use of Bayesian networks to analyse complex problems of forensic identification inference was initially done there followed by [4][5][6]7] among others.…”

Section: Objectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crime Scene Investigation with Bayesian Probabilistic Expert Systems

Andrade¹,

Ferreira²

2012

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Criminal identification problems are examples of situations in which forensic approach the DNA profiles study is a common procedure. In order to deal with these problems it is needed an introduction to present and explain the various concepts involved, since distinct areas must be considered. Some problems are presented and the use of the object-oriented Bayesian networks, example of probabilistic expert systems, is shown.

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Section: Objectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crime Scene Investigation with Bayesian Probabilistic Expert Systems

Andrade¹,

Ferreira²

2012

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“…This is evident by the publication of a new text devoted solely to the use of forensic BNs [1] and various articles considering an array of forensic problems [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24]. A recent advancement in BN design is the application of the object-oriented programming paradigm [25,26], resulting in hierarchical representations, particularly well-suited for forensic DNA casework [27,28].…”

Section: Bayesian Network In Forensicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A BN for this case was first presented in [17] and reimplemented using objectoriented techniques in [28] resulting in the object-oriented Bayesian network (OOBN) appearing in Fig. 1.…”

Section: Example One: a Simple Paternity Casementioning

confidence: 99%

Object-oriented Bayesian networks for paternity cases with allelic dependencies

Hepler

Weir

2008

Forensic Science International: Genetics

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This study extends the current use of Bayesian networks by incorporating the effects of allelic dependencies in paternity calculations. The use of object-oriented networks greatly simplify the process of building and interpreting forensic identification models, allowing researchers to solve new, more complex problems. We explore two paternity examples: the most common scenario where DNA evidence is available from the alleged father, the mother and the child; a more complex casewhere DNA is not available from the alleged father, but is available from the alleged father's brother. Object-oriented networks are built, using HUGIN, for each example which incorporate the effects of allelic dependence caused by evolutionary relatedness.

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“…Hence, the approach presented here is also applicable to forensic identification problems where both mixture data and reference data for certain individuals are available. Combining genotype data at the individual level from reference samples with a trace DNA profile assumed to originate from a single individual was discussed in [9]. Here we discuss the much more general case where the trace could be a mixture from several individuals, some of whom may be related.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mixtures with relatives: A pedigree perspective

Egeland

Dørum

Vigeland

et al. 2014

Forensic Science International: Genetics

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DNA mixture evidence pertains to cases where several individuals may have contributed to a biological stain. Statistical methods and software for such problems are available and a large number of cases can be handled adequately. However, one class of mixture problems remains untreated in full generality in the literature, namely when the contributors may be related. Disregarding a plausible close relative of the perpetrator as an alternative contributor (identical twin is the most extreme case) may lead to overestimating the evidence against a suspect. Existing methods only accommodate pairwise relationships such as the case where the suspect and the victim are siblings, for example. In this paper we consider relationships in full generality, conveniently represented by pedigrees. In particular, these pedigrees may involve inbreeding, for instance when the parents of an individual of interest are first cousins. Furthermore our framework handles situations where the opposing parties in a court case (prosecution and defence) propose different family relationships. Consequently, our approach combines classical mixture and kinship problems.The basic idea of this paper is to formulate the problem in a way that allows for the exploitation of currently available methods and software designed originally for linkage applications. We have developed a freely available R package, euroMix based on another package, paramlink, and we illustrate the ideas and methods on real and simulated data.

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Probabilistic Expert Systems for Forensic Inference from Genetic Markers

Cited by 103 publications

References 21 publications

Crime Scene Investigation with Bayesian Probabilistic Expert Systems

Crime Scene Investigation with Bayesian Probabilistic Expert Systems

Object-oriented Bayesian networks for paternity cases with allelic dependencies

Mixtures with relatives: A pedigree perspective

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