Probabilistic assessment of potential leachate leakage from livestock mortality burial pits: A supervised classification approach using a Gaussian mixture model (GMM) fitted to a groundwater quality monitoring dataset

Kim, Hyun Koo; Kim, Kyoung-Ho; Yun, Seong Taek; Oh, Junseop; Kim, Ho Rim; Park, Sun Hwa; Kim, Moon Su; Kim, Tae Seung

doi:10.1016/j.psep.2019.07.015

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Characteristics of groundwater quality monitoring data: absolute versus relative concentrations Table 1 presents that the median values of most groundwater quality parameters except for redox potential (ORP) have signi cantly higher (p < 0.05) concentrations in the leachate (LW) than in the nearby groundwater (MW). Previous studies have shown that such livestock mortality leachate contains high concentrations of inorganic and organic compounds (e.g., ammonium, alkalinity, chloride, sulfate, BOD, and COD) as a result of carcass decomposition 34,51,52 . The lower ORP in the leachate (median = -66 mv) compared to the surrounding groundwater (median = 115 mv) is due to anaerobic conditions prevailing in the burial pits 40,53,54 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Isometric Log-Ratio in Compositional Data Analysis for Developing a Groundwater Pollution Index

Oh,

Kim,

Kim

et al. 2024

Preprint

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This study introduces a novel Groundwater Pollution Index (GPI) formulated through compositional data analysis (CoDa) and robust principal component analysis (RPCA) to enhance groundwater quality assessment. Using groundwater quality monitoring data from sites impacted by the 2010–2011 foot-and-mouth disease outbreak in South Korea, CoDa uncovers critical hydrochemical differences between leachate-influenced and background groundwater. The GPI was developed by selecting key subcompositional parts (NH4+-N, Cl−, and NO3-−N) using RPCA, performing ilr transformation, and normalizing the results to environmental standards, thereby offering a more precise and reliable pollution assessment. Validated against government criteria, the GPI demonstrated its potential as an alternative assessment tool, confirmed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. The study underscores the importance of CoDa, especially the isometric log-ratio (ilr) transformation, in overcoming the limitations of traditional statistical methods by focusing on the relative nature of hydrochemical data. By bridging a methodological gap in groundwater assessment, the GPI represents a significant advancement in groundwater quality monitoring and management. Our results emphasize the importance of considering the compositional nature of environmental data and show the utility of multivariate statistical methods in enhancing the precision and reliability of pollution assessments.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Isometric Log-Ratio in Compositional Data Analysis for Developing a Groundwater Pollution Index

Oh,

Kim,

Kim

et al. 2024

Preprint

Self Cite

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show abstract

“…Table 1 presents that the median values of most groundwater quality parameters except for redox potential (ORP) have significantly higher ( p < 0.05) concentrations in the leachate (LW) than in the nearby groundwater (MW). Previous studies have shown that such livestock mortality leachate contains high concentrations of inorganic and organic compounds (e.g., ammonium, alkalinity, chloride, sulfate, BOD, and COD) as a result of carcass decomposition 37 , 55 , 56 . The lower ORP in the leachate (median = -66 mv) compared to the surrounding groundwater (median = 115 mv) is due to anaerobic conditions prevailing in the burial pits 44 , 57 , 58 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This monitoring program was carried out by the National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER) of South Korea on a quarterly basis throughout 2012 for 270 burial pit sites. As the monitoring result, the leachate leakages were confirmed in 29.6% of the burial pits according to the government (Ministry of Environment: ME) guideline for environmental management of carcass burial pits that involves the environmental criterion for three water quality parameters of electric conductivity (EC > 800 mS/cm), NH 4 + -N (> 10 mg/L), and Cl − (> 100 mg/L) 37 , 38 . Details about the burial sites established following the FMD epidemic and the subsequent monitoring programs are described in previous studies 37 , 39 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…We propose a straightforward GPI, derived from the ILR-coordinate of a critical subcomposition, to effectively indicate groundwater pollution. Utilizing groundwater quality monitoring data from a study on the impact of livestock mortalities burial on groundwater 37 , we applied CoDa and robust PCA to assess multivariate hydrochemical data. This approach minimized the impact of outliers and accurately represented important subcompositional parts (parameters).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Using isometric log-ratio in compositional data analysis for developing a groundwater pollution index

Oh,

Kim,

Kim

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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This study introduces a novel groundwater pollution index (GPI) formulated through compositional data analysis (CoDa) and robust principal component analysis (RPCA) to enhance groundwater quality assessment. Using groundwater quality monitoring data from sites impacted by the 2010–2011 foot-and-mouth disease outbreak in South Korea, CoDa uncovers critical hydrochemical differences between leachate-influenced and background groundwater. The GPI was developed by selecting key subcompositional parts (NH4+-N, Cl-, and NO3--N) using RPCA, performing the isometric log-ratio (ILR) transformation, and normalizing the results to environmental standards, thereby providing a more precise and accurate assessment of pollution. Validated against government criteria, the GPI has shown its potential as an alternative assessment tool, with its reliability confirmed by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. This study highlights the essential role of CoDa, especially the ILR -transformation, in overcoming the limitations of traditional statistical methods that often neglect the relative nature of hydrochemical data. Our results emphasize the utility of the GPI in significantly advancing groundwater quality monitoring and management by addressing a methodological gap in the quantitative assessment of groundwater pollution.

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“…The effectiveness of water quality monitoring schedules is mainly driven by prior knowledge acquired from statistical and probability studies (Kim et al, 2019). Data-driven confidence intervals can test the sufficiency of the sampling frequency in water monitoring data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multivariate regression studies for investigating and setting the action levels for the system water quality parameters of a nuclear plant

Suganya

Swaminathan

Anoop

2022

Water & Environment J

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A broad spectrum of water quality parameters is regularly monitored and assessed in auxiliary water systems. The integrity and availability status of a system are ensured by observing the trend of water quality indices which further warrants investigating the regulatory requirements of both safety and non‐safety‐related systems of a nuclear power plant. To evaluate the water chemistry state in a raw water system, we conducted a statistical study investigating water quality indices over 3 years. Obligatory statistical tools were utilized to comprehend and correlate the effects of the source water on the system. Most water quality parameters were found to be within an acceptable range, and correlations were found between the parameters, namely, conductivity, sodium, and chloride. Multivariate optimization and regression studies using the Box–Behnken design were conducted to minimize the system conductivity levels. The experimental data were fitted into a quadratic equation with an r2 value of 0.84. Model validation was conducted, and the fit between the experimental and model results was within 10%. This assessment identifies preventive action levels to avoid impairment of system integrity at an early stage.

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Probabilistic assessment of potential leachate leakage from livestock mortality burial pits: A supervised classification approach using a Gaussian mixture model (GMM) fitted to a groundwater quality monitoring dataset

Cited by 13 publications

References 41 publications

Using Isometric Log-Ratio in Compositional Data Analysis for Developing a Groundwater Pollution Index

Using Isometric Log-Ratio in Compositional Data Analysis for Developing a Groundwater Pollution Index

Using isometric log-ratio in compositional data analysis for developing a groundwater pollution index

Multivariate regression studies for investigating and setting the action levels for the system water quality parameters of a nuclear plant

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