Proanthocyanidins Inhibit Iron Absorption from Soybean (Glycine max) Seed Ferritin in Rats with Iron Deficiency Anemia

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of proanthocyanidins (PAs) on iron uptake from soybean seed ferritin (SSF) crude by rats with iron deficiency anemia (IDA) for the first time. Six groups of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (n = 10) were used, which contain (1) SSF crude group; (2) SSF crude + PAs group; (3) PAs group; (4) FeSO(4) group; (5) iron deficiency control group; and (6) control group. The bioavailability of iron was examined by measuring hemoglobin (Hb) concentration value, red blood cell (RBC) numbers, and serum iron stores. After 8 weeks, Hb concentration was almost recovered to the normal level upon feeding SSF crude or FeSO(4) to rats. In contrast, Hb concentration was recovered to less extent when SSF crude plus PAs was used instead of SSF crude alone (P < 0.05). A similar profile was observed with these three sample groups when serum iron and RBC were used as parameters. All rats in PAs group died at the 8th week. Taken together, all these results demonstrated that PAs inhibited iron uptake of rats from SSF, and are toxic for rats with IDA.

Study on iron availability from prepared soybean sprouts using an iron-deficient rat model

“…The reduction in liver volume, induced by iron deficiency has been observed in other studies (Yun et al, 2011). However, a difference between deficient and non-deficient group (Groups 1 and 2) was not observed.…”

“…During the period of supplementation, significant improvement in their condition was noticed, especially in terms of appetite. Similar observations were noted by Yun et al (2011). Because of their poor general status, two rats, one from the iron-deficient group and one from the non-deficient group, were eliminated from the experiment.…”

“…Appetite of the animal clearly increased and they consumed more fodder. The increased appetite of irondeficient animals during the supplementation was also observed by Yun et al (2011) in their study. The phenomenon was not as evident in the group of animals supplemented with ferritin isolate (Group 4), because this diet included a lot of salts used to prepare the isolates.…”

“…Some experiments of ferritin absorption in iron-deficient rats have been presented previously. However, most of them were conducted on purified ferritin, devoid of food matrix (Beard et al, 1996;Smól, 2001;Yun, Zhang, Li, Chen, & Zhao, 2011). Ferritin involved in food matrix, as partially undigested, may escape from the stomach and enter the intestine in this form, where it is absorbed via receptor-mediated endocytosis (Kalgaonkar & Lönnerdal, 2009;Li et al, 2010).…”

Effects of a Tripeptide Iron on Iron-Deficiency Anemia in Rats

“…Thus, the results suggested that REE-Fe can recover the renal hypertrophy induced by iron deficiency and be more effective than Fe-Gly and FeSO 4 . Hypertrophy of the spleen was observed in rats of the blank group; the result was similar with that observed by Yun et al [23]. Kuvibidila et al have also confirmed that iron deficiency would activate spleen cells and cell proliferation [24].…”