Proanthocyanidines from EGb 761® improve impaired short term memory

Sens-Albert, C; Luderer, Gunnar; Kraus, Sebastian; Gantert, T; Kulić, Žarko; Röck, B; Germer, Stefan; Ritter, Thomas K.; Weisenburger, S; Lehner, Martin D.

doi:10.1055/s-0041-1736871

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Although the model used by Bader et al (2018) replicates many features of the whole brain, it cannot supersede in vivo experiments. Comparing two finished products in a mouse model of spontaneous alternations in the T-maze, the EGb 761 ® containing product more efficiently protected against scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment than another product containing G. biloba extract with a lower PAC content ( Sens-Albert et al, 2021a ; Sens-Albert et al, 2021b ). Those observations verify the assumption that EGb 761 ® and other extracts are dissimilar in their effects both in vitro and in vivo .…”

Section: Highest Quality: Is It Worth All the Trouble?mentioning

confidence: 95%

“…However, other work described here was done using the higher oligomeric PACs, which are present in concentrations more likely to contribute to the overall pharmacologic effects of the extract. For instance, Ginkgo PACs were found to be potent radical scavengers in vitro in cell-free systems (Qa'dan et al, 2011;Cao et al, 2018a;Ellnain-Wojtaszek et al, 2003), in an assay using retinal pigment epithelial cells (Li et al, 2021), or in a neuronal cell line (Sens-Albert et al, 2021a). Interestingly, medication containing EGb 761 ® had a more potent antioxidative effect than medication containing G. biloba extract with a much lower PAC content.…”

Section: Intuitively Plausible: Why Would Different Extracts Act Diff...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a rat ischemia model, i. p. applied G. biloba PACs effectively mitigate behavioral defects, decrease infarct volume, increase superoxide dismutase activity in the brain, and decrease malondialdehyde and nitric oxide brain concentrations ( Cao et al, 2016 ; Yao et al, 2020 ). The PAC fraction isolated from EGb 761 ® reduced scopolamine-induced impairment of short-term memory in mice ( Sens-Albert et al, 2021b ), suggesting in vivo pharmacological activity of this compound group upon oral application.…”

Section: Highest Quality: Is It Worth All the Trouble?mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ginkgo biloba leaf extract EGb 761® as a paragon of the product by process concept

2022

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It is an often-neglected fact that extracts derived from the very same plant can differ significantly in their phytochemical composition, and thus also in their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties which are the basis for their clinical efficacy and safety. The Ginkgo biloba L. [Ginkgoaceae] special extract EGb 761® is one of the best-studied plant extracts in the world. In the present review, using that extract as a paradigm, we describe insights how climate, the harvest region, processing of the plant material, the drying process, the extraction solvents, and the details of the subsequent process steps substantially impact the quality and uniformity of the final extract. We highlight the importance of regulating active constituent levels and consistent reduction of undesired substances in herbal extracts. This is accomplished by a controlled production process and corresponding analytical specifications. In conclusion, since extracts derived from the same plant can have very different phytochemical compositions, results from pharmacological, toxicological and clinical studies gained with one specific extract cannot be extrapolated to other extracts that were generated using different production processes. We propose that the heterogenous nature of extracts should be meticulously considered when evaluating the efficacy and safety of plant-derived remedies.

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Section: Highest Quality: Is It Worth All the Trouble?mentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Intuitively Plausible: Why Would Different Extracts Act Diff...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Highest Quality: Is It Worth All the Trouble?mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ginkgo biloba leaf extract EGb 761® as a paragon of the product by process concept

2022

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“…to the specified terpene trilactones. Preclinical studies conducted on PACs from Ginkgo biloba [13][14][15][16] reported pharmacological activities such as neuroprotection or antiamnesic activity with potential relevance for the treatment of neurological disorders, suggesting that PACs might contribute to the overall efficacy profile.…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Substantial Differences in Proanthocyanidin Contents among Ginkgo biloba Leaf Extracts in Herbal Medicinal Products obtained from the German Market

Germer,

Ritter,

Wurglics

2024

Planta Med

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Pharmacologic activity of proanthocyanidins (PACs) in Ginkgo biloba leaf extract has recently been reported. The objective of the present study was to screen the PACs content in herbal medicinal products containing Ginkgo extracts. A recently published HPLC method for quantification of PACs in Ginkgo biloba leaf extract EGb 761 was adopted to be also suitable for finished herbal medicinal products. The method was applied to 14 products from the German market. For each product a set of 3 individual batches was purchased and analyzed. Substantial differences in PACs content were found among distinct products ranging from 0.30 % to 5.86 %. The batch-to-batch variability within each product was low. The highest concentrations are in a similar range as for example the amount of Ginkgo terpene trilactones specified in the monograph for Ginkgo biloba leaf extract in the Ph. Eur.. Although it has not yet been established whether and to which extent PACs contribute to the overall pharmacological or clinical efficacy of Ginkgo extracts, a potential impact on the purported benefits of different contents in PACs cannot be ruled out. Quality assessment of different Ginkgo extracts in future may include the PACs.

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Proanthocyanidines from EGb 761® improve impaired short term memory

Cited by 2 publications

References 1 publication

Ginkgo biloba leaf extract EGb 761® as a paragon of the product by process concept

Ginkgo biloba leaf extract EGb 761® as a paragon of the product by process concept

Substantial Differences in Proanthocyanidin Contents among Ginkgo biloba Leaf Extracts in Herbal Medicinal Products obtained from the German Market

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