Pro-social Behavior

Sosnowski, Meghan J.; Brosnan, Sarah F.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-47829-6_1410-1

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…In animals, before querying the affective processes relating to prosocial behavior, it is important first to answer the more fundamental question of whether animals display prosocial behavior. Namely, research on prosocial behavior in animals aims to determine whether subjects make decisions that benefit their partners at no cost to themselves (Cronin, 2012;Sosnowski and Brosnan, 2019).…”

Section: Prosocial Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthropomorphism in comparative affective science: Advocating a mindful approach

Williams

Brosnan

Clay

2020

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

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Section: Prosocial Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthropomorphism in comparative affective science: Advocating a mindful approach

Williams

Brosnan

Clay

2020

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

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“…Capuchins also show evidence of cooperative behaviors and an understanding of the contingencies involved (Mendres & de Waal, 2000), as well as sensitivity to inequity in social contexts (Brosnan et al, 2006;Brosnan & de Waal, 2003;de Waal & Davis, 2003), again like humans do. Capuchins are a prosocial (Sosnowski & Brosnan, 2019) and unusually tolerant species (de Waal, 1997a;de Waal et al, 1993) that experience longer developmental stages and more complex feeding ecology than most other nonhuman monkey species (Fragaszy et al, 2004). In addition, and again like humans, capuchin monkeys experience a relatively slow life history: the juvenile period lasts from 18 months to six years old, at which point females reach sexual maturity and males tend to disperse from their natal groups (Janson et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex differences in white matter tracts of capuchin monkey brains

Reilly

Brosnan

Benítez

et al. 2023

J of Comparative Neurology

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Nonhuman primates exhibit sexual dimorphism in behavior, suggesting that there could be underlying differences in brain organization and function. Understanding this neuroanatomical variation is critical for enhancing our understanding of the evolution of sex differences in the human brain. Tufted capuchin monkeys (Sapajus [Cebus] apella) represent a phylogenetically diverse taxa of neotropical primates that converge on several behavioral characteristics with humans relevant to social organization, making them an important point of comparison for studying the evolution of sex differences in primates. While anatomical sex differences in gray matter have previously been found in capuchin monkeys, the current study investigates sex differences in white matter tracts. We carried out tract‐based spatial statistical analysis on fractional anisotropy images of tufted capuchin monkeys (15 female, 5 male). We found that females showed significantly higher fractional anisotropy than males in regions of frontal‐parietal white matter in the right cerebral hemisphere. Paralleling earlier findings in gray matter, male and female fractional anisotropy values in these regions were nonoverlapping. This complements prior work pointing toward capuchin sex differences in limbic circuitry and higher‐order visual regions. We propose that these sex differences are related to the distinct socioecological niches occupied by male and female capuchins. Capuchin neuroanatomical sex differences appear to be more pronounced than in humans, which we suggest may relate to human adaptations for prolonged neurodevelopmental trajectories and increased plasticity.

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“…Pro-social behavior has been defined as behavior that produces benefits for another, sometimes even at a cost to the individual (West et al, 2007;Cronin, 2012;Sosnowski and Brosnan, 2019). One type of pro-social behavior gaining currency in recent years is social release, in which one animal releases another from a trap or restraint.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Failure to Find Altruistic Food Sharing in Rats

et al. 2021

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Prior research has found that one rat will release a second rat from a restraint in the presence of food, thereby allowing that second rat access to food. Such behavior, clearly beneficial to the second rat and costly to the first, has been interpreted as altruistic. Because clear demonstrations of altruism in rats are rare, such findings deserve a careful look. The present study aimed to replicate this finding, but with more systematic methods to examine whether, and under what conditions, a rat might share food with its cagemate partner. Rats were given repeated choices between high-valued food (sucrose pellets) and 30-s social access to a familiar rat, with the (a) food size (number of food pellets per response), and (b) food motivation (extra-session access to food) varied across conditions. Rats responded consistently for both food and social interaction, but at different levels and with different sensitivity to the food-access manipulations. Food production and consumption was high when food motivation was also high (food restriction) but substantially lower when food motivation was low (unlimited food access). Social release occurred at moderate levels, unaffected by the food-based manipulations. When food was abundant and food motivation low, the rats chose food and social options about equally often, but sharing (food left unconsumed prior to social release) occurred at low levels across sessions and conditions. Even under conditions of low food motivation, sharing occurred on only 1% of the sharing opportunities. The results are therefore inconsistent with claims in the literature that rats are altruistically motivated to share food with other rats.

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Pro-social Behavior

Cited by 3 publications

References 28 publications

Anthropomorphism in comparative affective science: Advocating a mindful approach

Anthropomorphism in comparative affective science: Advocating a mindful approach

Sex differences in white matter tracts of capuchin monkey brains

Failure to Find Altruistic Food Sharing in Rats

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