Prmt5 is essential for early mouse development and acts in the cytoplasm to maintain ES cell pluripotency

Tee, Wee-Wei; Pardo, Mercedes; Theunissen, Thorold W.; Lu, Yu; Choudhary, Jyoti S.; Hájková, Petra; Surani, M. Azim

doi:10.1101/gad.606110

Cited by 297 publications

(324 citation statements)

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“…In mammals, PRMT5 methylates and interacts with diverse proteins, including histones and other proteins, and has long been implicated in the modulation of a variety of processes, such as transcriptional regulation, RNA metabolism (4), apoptosis (5), signal transduction (6), and germ cell development (7). Both loss-of-function and overexpression of PRMT5 are fatal in mammals (8). AtPRMT5, the Arabidopsis homolog of PRMT5, regulates multiple aspects of plant growth and development, such as flowering time, growth rate, leaf morphology, sensitivity to stress conditions, and circadian rhythm, by modulating transcription, constitutive and alternative precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) splicing of diverse genes (9)(10)(11)(12)(13).…”

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confidence: 99%

Recruitment of the NineTeen Complex to the activated spliceosome requires AtPRMT5

Deng

Wang

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Protein arginine methylation, catalyzed by protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs), is involved in a multitude of biological processes in eukaryotes. Symmetric arginine dimethylation mediated by PRMT5 modulates constitutive and alternative pre-mRNA splicing of diverse genes to regulate normal growth and development in multiple species; however, the underlying molecular mechanism remains largely unknown. A genetic screen for suppressors of an Arabidopsis symmetric arginine dimethyltransferase mutant, atprmt5, identified two gain-of-function alleles of pre-mRNA processing factor 8 gene (prp8-8 and prp8-9), the highly conserved core component of the U5 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) and the spliceosome. These two atprmt5 prp8 double mutants showed suppression of the developmental and splicing alterations of atprmt5 mutants. In atprmt5 mutants, the NineTeen complex failed to be assembled into the U5 snRNP to form an activated spliceosome; this phenotype was restored in the atprmt5 prp8-8 double mutants. We also found that loss of symmetric arginine dimethylation of Sm proteins prevents recruitment of the NineTeen complex and initiation of spliceosome activation. Together, our findings demonstrate that symmetric arginine dimethylation has important functions in spliceosome assembly and activation, and uncover a key molecular mechanism for arginine methylation in pre-mRNA splicing that impacts diverse developmental processes.arginine methylation | protein arginine methyltransferase | AtPRMT5 | pre-mRNA splicing | Prp19C/NTC P rotein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5), a highly conserved type II protein arginine methyltransferase, transfers methyl groups to arginine residues, generating monomethylarginine and symmetric ω-N G , N′ G -dimethylarginine (SDMA) (1-3). In mammals, PRMT5 methylates and interacts with diverse proteins, including histones and other proteins, and has long been implicated in the modulation of a variety of processes, such as transcriptional regulation, RNA metabolism (4), apoptosis (5), signal transduction (6), and germ cell development (7). Both loss-of-function and overexpression of PRMT5 are fatal in mammals (8). AtPRMT5, the Arabidopsis homolog of PRMT5, regulates multiple aspects of plant growth and development, such as flowering time, growth rate, leaf morphology, sensitivity to stress conditions, and circadian rhythm, by modulating transcription, constitutive and alternative precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) splicing of diverse genes (9-13). AtPRMT5 also mediates the symmetric arginine dimethylation of uridine-rich small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (U snRNPs) AtSmD1, D3, and AtLSm4 proteins, thus linking arginine methylation and splicing (10,11,13). However, the exact mechanism remains elusive.Pre-mRNA splicing occurs in the nucleus, removing introns and ligating exons (14). In eukaryotes, most introns are spliced in a series of reactions catalyzed by the spliceosome, which consists of five subcomplexes of U snRNPs and several non-snRNP factors. Each U snRNP contains distinct splicing...

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confidence: 99%

Recruitment of the NineTeen Complex to the activated spliceosome requires AtPRMT5

Deng

Wang

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…However, in the presence of hypertrophic stresses, PRMT5 is translocated to the cytoplasm, leading to activation of GATA4 and expression of hypertrophic genes. The mice with PRMT5 gene deficiency are embryonic-lethal due to the abrogation of pluripotent cells in blastocysts (30), which prevents assessing the functional importance of PRMT5 in the heart at this time. Generation of cardiac-specific transgenic or knock-out mice of PRMT5 will FIGURE 6.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition of Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy by Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 5

Chen

Sun

2014

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Background: Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) is a type II protein arginine methyltransferase that catalyzes the symmetrical dimethylation of arginine residues within target proteins. Results: PRMT5 interacts with and methylates GATA4 in cardiomyocytes. Conclusion: PRMT5 suppresses hypertrophic responses in cardiomyocytes by attenuating GATA4 transcriptional activity. Significance: Targeting PRMT5 may represent a novel therapeutic strategy for preventing cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure.

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“…Because PRMT5 is implicated in diverse cellular and biological processes such as transcriptional regulation, RNA metabolism, ribosome biogenesis, Golgi apparatus homeostasis and cell cycle regulation, PRMT5 is generating increased interest in the field of cancer research (12,15,16). For example, PRMT5 is expressed at higher levels compared with normal tissues in leukemias, lymphomas and gliomas as well as in ovarian, breast, prostate and lung cancers (13,14,(17)(18)(19)(20).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 is associated with malignant phenotype and peritoneal metastasis in gastric cancer

Kanda

Shimizu

Fujii

et al. 2016

International Journal of Oncology

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Abstract. Identification of novel gastric cancer (GC)-related molecules is necessary to improve management of patients with GC in both diagnostic and therapeutic aspects. The aim of the present study was to determine whether protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) acts as an oncogene in the progression of GC and whether it serves as a novel diagnostic marker and therapeutic target. We conducted global expression profiling of GC cell lines and RNA interference experiments to evaluate the effect of PRMT5 expression on the phenotype of GC cells. We analysed tissues of 179 patients with GC to assess the association of PRMT5 mRNA levels with clinicopathological factors. Differential expression of PRMT5 mRNA by GC cell lines correlated positively with the levels of GEMIN2, STAT3 and TGFB3. PRMT5 knockdown reduced the proliferation, invasion and migration of a GC cell line. PRMT5 mRNA levels were significantly higher in GC tissues than the corresponding adjacent normal tissues and were independent of tumour depth, differentiation and lymph node metastasis. High PRMT5 expression was an independent risk factor of positive peritoneal lavage cytology (odds ratio 3.90, P=0.003) and decreased survival. PRMT5 enhances the malignant phenotype of GC cell lines and its expression in gastric tissues may serve as a biomarker for patient stratification and a potential target of therapy.

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Prmt5 is essential for early mouse development and acts in the cytoplasm to maintain ES cell pluripotency

Cited by 297 publications

References 30 publications

Recruitment of the NineTeen Complex to the activated spliceosome requires AtPRMT5

Recruitment of the NineTeen Complex to the activated spliceosome requires AtPRMT5

Inhibition of Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy by Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 5

Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 is associated with malignant phenotype and peritoneal metastasis in gastric cancer

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