Private-land control and deforestation dynamics in the context of implementing the Native Forest Law in the Northern Argentinian Dry Chaco

Marinaro, Sofía; Gasparri, N. Ignacio; Piriz-Carrillo, Veronica

doi:10.1017/s0376892920000314

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Indeed, most of the cropland frontiers emerged during that time (figure 4). Later, increasing taxation, economic instability, an outflow of capital (le Polain de Waroux et al 2019), increasing land-use restrictions through Argentina's zoning law (Marinaro et al 2020), and the increasingly more marginal conditions for sites on which remaining forests are found (Houspanossian et al 2016) lowered cropland expansion rates after 2010. In contrast, capital that accumulated in the soybean boom (in the Chaco or elsewhere, such as Brazil), combined with evolving know-how and infrastructure to optimize cattle ranching in the Chaco (le Polain de Waroux 2019) explains surging woodland conversion we found in the Paraguayan Chaco after 2010.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frontier metrics for a process-based understanding of deforestation dynamics

Baumann

Gasparri

Buchadas

et al. 2022

Environ. Res. Lett.

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Agricultural expansion into tropical and subtropical forests often leads to major social-ecological trade-offs. Yet, despite ever-more detailed information on where deforestation occurs, how agriculture expands into forests remains unclear, which is hampered by a lackof spatially and temporally detailed reconstruction of agricultural expansion. Here, we developed and mapped a novel set of metrics that quantify agricultural frontier processes at unprecedented spatial and temporal detail. Specifically, we first derived consistent annual time series of land-use/cover to, second, describe archetypical patterns of frontier expansion, pertaining to speed, diffusion and activity of deforestation, as well as post-deforestation land use. We exemplify this approach for understanding agricultural frontier expansion across the entire South American Chaco, a global deforestation hotspot. Our study provides three major insights. First, agricultural expansion has been rampant in the Chaco, with more than 19.3 million ha of woodlands converted between 1985 and 2020, including a surge in deforestation after 2019. Second, land-use trajectories connected to frontier processes have changed in major ways over the 35-year study period we studied, including substantial regional variations. For instance, while ranching expansion drove most of the deforestation in the 1980s and 1990s, cropland expansion dominated during the mid-2000s in Argentina, but not in Paraguay. Similarly, 40% of all areas deforested were initially used for ranching, but later on converted to cropping. Accounting for post-deforestation land-use change is thus needed to properly attribute deforestation and associated environmental impacts, such as carbon emissions or biodiversity loss, to commodities. Finally, we identified major, recurrent frontier types that may be a useful spatial template for land governance to match policies to specific frontier situations. Collectively, our study reveals the diversity of frontier processes and how frontier metrics can capture and structure this diversity to uncover major patterns of human-nature interactions, which can be used to guide spatially-targeted policies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frontier metrics for a process-based understanding of deforestation dynamics

Baumann

Gasparri

Buchadas

et al. 2022

Environ. Res. Lett.

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“…The choice of a 10 km 2 grid cell as unit of analysis was determined in relation to the mean landholding size, but can also be a source of statistical bias. Finally, recent evidence (Marinaro et al, 2020) and our analysis indicate that land privatization very often precedes deforestation and not the other way around; however, more complex forms of endogeneity cannot be fully ruled out.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Land privatization and deforestation in a commodity production frontier

Faingerch

Vallejos

Texeira

et al. 2021

CONSERVATION LETTERS

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Conservation policies often promote land privatization to reduce incentives for deforestation. However, empirical evidence on the relationship between land‐tenure form and forest conservation outcomes is inconclusive. We combined key informant mapping and geospatial analyses to test the association between the area under tenure and the area deforested by extra‐local private and local nonprivate agents in the Argentine Dry Chaco over four decades (1976–2016). The study area is a typical commodity production frontier within a global deforestation hotspot. We found a strong spatial and temporal coupling between the area under tenure and the area deforested by extra‐local private agents from 1987 to 2006, when a 59% increase in the former was accompanied by a 508% increase in the latter. Local private agents maintained high levels of forest cover, similarly to local nonprivate agents. Our findings have implications for the adaptive design of the Forest Law in the Argentine Dry Chaco.

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“…Argentina's zoning law (Marinaro et al, 2020), and the increasingly more marginal conditions for sites on which remaining forests are found (Houspanossian et al, 2016) lowered cropland expansion rates after 2010. In contrast, capital that accumulated in the soybean boom (in the Chaco or elsewhere, such as Brazil), combined with evolving know-how and infrastructure to optimize cattle ranching in the Chaco (le Polain de Waroux, 2019) explains surging woodland conversion we found in the Paraguayan Chaco after 2010.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frontier metrics for a process-based understanding of deforestation dynamics

Baumann¹,

Gasparri²,

Buchadas³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Agricultural expansion into tropical and subtropical forests often leads to major social-ecological trade-offs. Yet, despite ever-more detailed information on where deforestation occurs, how agriculture expands into forests remains unclear. Here, we developed and mapped a novel set of metrics that quantify agricultural frontier processes at unprecedented spatial and temporal detail. Specifically, we first derived consistent time series of land-use/cover to, second, describe archetypical patterns of frontier expansion, pertaining to the speed, the diffusion and activity of deforestation, as well as post-deforestation land use. We exemplify this approach for understanding agricultural frontier expansion across the entire South American Chaco (1.1 million km2), a global deforestation hotspot. Our study provides three major insights. First, agricultural expansion has been rampant in the Chaco, with more than 19.3 million ha of woodlands converted between 1985 and 2020, including a surge in deforestation after 2019. Second, land-use trajectories connected to frontier processes have changed in major ways over the 35-year study period we studied. For instance, while ranching expansion drove most of the deforestation in the 1980s and 1990s, cropland expansion dominated during the mid-2000s in Argentina, but not in Paraguay. Similarly, 40% of all areas deforested were initially used for ranching, but later on converted to cropping. Accounting for post-deforestation land-use change is thus needed to properly attribute deforestation and associated environmental impacts, such as carbon emissions or biodiversity loss, to commodities. Finally, we identified major, recurrent frontier types that may be a useful spatial template for land governance to match policies to specific frontier situations. Collectively, our study reveals the diversity of frontier processes and how frontier metrics can capture and structure this diversity for guiding spatially targeted policies, and for uncovering high-level patterns of human-nature interactions.

show abstract

Private-land control and deforestation dynamics in the context of implementing the Native Forest Law in the Northern Argentinian Dry Chaco

Cited by 13 publications

References 29 publications

Frontier metrics for a process-based understanding of deforestation dynamics

Frontier metrics for a process-based understanding of deforestation dynamics

Land privatization and deforestation in a commodity production frontier

Frontier metrics for a process-based understanding of deforestation dynamics

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