“…1 Offshore oil production now accounts for one-third of world crude oil production, and there are more than 2000 offshore oil and gas fields (Fang and Duan, 2014). As experience shows, the coexistence of, notably, fishing and oil can create competition and conflict (Ackah-Baidoo, 2013;Andresen and Underdal, 1983;Churchill, 1989/90;Cicin-Sain and Tiddens, 1989;Cormick and Knaster, 1986;Glazier et al, 2006: Grant, 1978Hersoug, 2010;Jablonski, 2008;Jones, 1987;Miles and Geselbracht, 1987;Thomé da Silva et al, 2015). Both industries can have harmful effects on the marine environment (e.g., overfishing, destruction of coral reefs, spillage, and pollution).…”