Prior experience as a moderator of disaster impact on anxiety symptoms in older adults

Norris, Fran H.; Murrell, Stanley A.

doi:10.1007/bf00930020

Cited by 238 publications

(170 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…For example, a study that examined victims of an earthquake in California found that older persons who had experienced an earthquake in the past were less susceptible to depression than younger adults (Knight et al 2000). Also, older adults who had undergone hurricanes or floods and were in military service revealed fewer psychiatric symptoms and more resilience (Brown 2008;Frueh et al 2007;Norris and Murrell 1988). They did so by trying to change the meaning of the disaster, thinking positively, and remaining in their homes (Henderson et al 2009).…”

Section: Theoretical Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sense of threat and coping strategies of Israeli older adults during a military operation

Rozenblat

Iecovich

2012

Eur J Ageing

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To examine what levels of sense of threat functionally disabled older people experience during war and the coping strategies they use to protect themselves; to examine factors that explain their sense of threat and coping strategies. A convenience sample that included 138 respondents who were functionally disabled older adults and received homecare services. Face-to-face interviews were conducted using a structured questionnaire. The majority of respondents stayed in their homes during the military operation and used a shelter during part or all the times when there was rocket shelling. The findings showed that a variety of factors were significantly correlated with sense of threat and coping strategies; gender and education were significant in explaining sense of threat, and living arrangement was significant in explaining use of shelter; while number of children was significant in explaining frequency of staying at home during the military operation. However, Holocaust survivor status, formal and informal support, and functional status were insignificant in explaining any of the dependent variables. Holocaust survivors feel no more threat compared to those who did not experience the Holocaust. Communities should be prepared to provide emergency services to ease the sense of threat of functionally disabled older adults during wartime and to assure their use of shelter, in particular those who live alone.

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Section: Theoretical Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sense of threat and coping strategies of Israeli older adults during a military operation

Rozenblat

Iecovich

2012

Eur J Ageing

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“…Cependant, pour certaines victimes, les conséquences peuvent être plus durables (Gleser et al, 1981;Green & Lindy, 1994;Murphy, 1986b (Green & Solomon, 1995;Solomon & Green, 1992 (Cohen & Poulshock, 1977 ;Kilijanek & Drabek, 1979;Melick & Logue, 1985;Quarantelli, 1985). Des chercheurs, ayant comparé des groupes de personnes âgées à des victimes plus jeunes, ont constaté, pour leur part, que les aînés seraient moins affectés que les plus jeunes adultes (Bell, 1978;Bell, Kara, & Batterson 1978;Bolin & Klenow, 1982Green, Gleser, Lindy, Grace, & Leonard, 1996;Huerta & Horton, 1978;Hutchins & Norris, 1989;Kato, Asukai, Miyaké, Minakawa, & Nishiyama, 1996;Knight et al, 2000;Norris & Murrel, 1988;Thompson, Norris, & Hanacek, 1993;Tyler & Hoyt, 2000;Weintraub & Ruskin, 1999). D'autres auteurs soutiennent, quant à eux, que les personnes âgées seraient autant affectées que les victimes plus jeunes (Burger, Van Staden, & Nieuwouldt, 1989;Chung, Dennis, Easthope, Farmer, & Warret, 2005 ;Fields, 1996 ;Goenjian et al, 1994 ;Hovington, Lalande & Maltais, 2002 ;Livingston, Livingston, Brooks, & McKinlay, 1992;Ollendick & Hoffman, 1982;Shore et al, 1986 (Carr et al, 1997;Crabbs & Heffron, 1981;Krause, 1987;Lewin et al, 1998;Lifton & Oison, 1976;…”

Section: Définitions Des Termes Sinistres Et Désastres Et Leur éTendueunclassified

Conséquences des inondations de juillet 1996 sur la santé psychologique et physique d'individus sinistrés âgés de 55 ans et plus vivant en milieu rural /

Rheault¹

2007

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“…1 This phenomenon has long been recognized in humans; for example, in children, previous mildly stressful life events attenuate fearfulness in a daycare setting. 2 Furthermore, experienced survivors of floods exhibit lower anxiety after encounters with the same disaster compared with inexperienced survivors 3 (for review see 4 ). Thus, memory of a past experience is clearly a factor in developing this experience-based resilience, but the nature of such a memory is not fully understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral immunization: immunity to self-antigens contributes to psychological stress resilience

Lewitus

Schwartz

2008

Mol Psychiatry

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The psychobiological mechanisms that contribute to the development of stress resilience are not fully elucidated. One potential approach for enhancing resilience is the exposure to mild challenges. According to this approach, a mildly stressful episode may immunize the individual, thereby strengthening resistance to subsequent stressors. This phenomenon is often viewed as a form of behavioral immunization. Although, the term 'behavioral immunization' was borrowed from the field of immunology, the involvement of the adaptive immune system in stress resilience was never investigated. However, based on accumulated new data, we suggest that the immunological memory does have a significant role in developing coping responses to stress. Although, immune deficiency results in an impaired ability to cope with stress, boosting immunological memory can increase stress resilience. Therefore, we propose that defense against mental challenge, similarly to defense against intruders, involves an immunological mechanism, which establishes stress resilience to a later challenge. Here, we review the involvement of the adaptive immune system in coping mechanisms in response to psychological stress, and discuss the connection between cognitive memory and immunological memory in establishing ability to efficiently cope with stressful episodes.

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Prior experience as a moderator of disaster impact on anxiety symptoms in older adults

Cited by 238 publications

References 20 publications

Sense of threat and coping strategies of Israeli older adults during a military operation

Sense of threat and coping strategies of Israeli older adults during a military operation

Conséquences des inondations de juillet 1996 sur la santé psychologique et physique d'individus sinistrés âgés de 55 ans et plus vivant en milieu rural /

Behavioral immunization: immunity to self-antigens contributes to psychological stress resilience

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