Prior adaptation, diversity, and introduction frequency mediate the positive relationship between propagule pressure and the initial success of founding populations

Vahsen, Megan L.; Shea, Katriona; Hovis, Ciara; Teller, Brittany J.; Hufbauer, Ruth A.

doi:10.1007/s10530-018-1713-4

Cited by 33 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Increased dispersal at high densities is common across diverse taxa, as dispersers often escape competition (Bowler & Benton 2005;Matthysen 2005;Kubisch et al 2014). Red flour beetles follow this pattern, as they exhibit negative density-dependent growth (Birch et al 1951;Sz} ucs et al 2014;Vahsen et al 2018) and are more likely to disperse (Drury et al 2016) and to disperse further (Sz} ucs et al 2014) in low-quality than in high-quality habitats, and at a high rather than a low population density (Ziegler 1976).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The importance of growing up: juvenile environment influences dispersal of individuals and their neighbours

et al. 2018

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Dispersal is a key ecological process that is strongly influenced by both phenotype and environment. Here, we show that juvenile environment influences dispersal not only by shaping individual phenotypes, but also by changing the phenotypes of neighbouring conspecifics, which influence how individuals disperse. We used a model system (Tribolium castaneum, red flour beetles) to test how the past environment of dispersing individuals and their neighbours influences how they disperse in their current environment. We found that individuals dispersed especially far when exposed to a poor environment as adults if their phenotype, or even one‐third of their neighbours’ phenotypes, were shaped by a poor environment as juveniles. Juvenile environment therefore shapes dispersal both directly, by influencing phenotype, as well as indirectly, by influencing the external social environment. Thus, the juvenile environment of even a minority of individuals in a group can influence the dispersal of the entire group.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…; Vahsen et al . ) and are more likely to disperse (Drury et al . ) and to disperse further (Szűcs et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The importance of growing up: juvenile environment influences dispersal of individuals and their neighbours

et al. 2018

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“…Experimental field introductions have consistently shown that larger releases of biocontrol agents are more likely to establish and persist (Grevstad, 1999b(Grevstad, , 2006Memmott et al, 1998Memmott et al, , 2005. Recent experimental work in the laboratory has shown that several small introductions result in the highest establishment of red flour beetles in a novel environment (Koontz et al, 2018), but having even a few founders pre-adapted to the novel environment was more important for establishment than the introduction scenario (Vahsen et al, 2018). Recent experimental work in the laboratory has shown that several small introductions result in the highest establishment of red flour beetles in a novel environment (Koontz et al, 2018), but having even a few founders pre-adapted to the novel environment was more important for establishment than the introduction scenario (Vahsen et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introduction In the Novel Rangementioning

confidence: 99%

The implications of rapid eco‐evolutionary processes for biological control ‐ a review

Szűcs

Vercken

Bitume

et al. 2019

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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Novel environmental conditions experienced by introduced species can drive rapid evolution of diverse traits. In turn, rapid evolution, both adaptive and non-adaptive, can influence population size, growth rate, and other important ecological characteristics of populations. In addition, spatial evolutionary processes that arise from a combination of assortative mating between highly dispersive individuals at the expanding edge of populations and altered reproductive rates of those individuals can accelerate expansion speed. Growing experimental evidence shows that the effects of rapid evolution on ecological dynamics can be quite large, and thus it can affect establishment, persistence, and the distribution of populations. We review the experimental and theoretical literature on such eco-evolutionary feedbacks and evaluate the implications of these processes for biological control. Experiments show that evolving populations can establish at higher rates and grow larger than non-evolving populations. However, non-adaptive processes, such as genetic drift and inbreeding depression can also lead to reduced fitness and declines in population size. Spatial evolutionary processes can increase spread rates and change the fitness of individuals at the expansion front. These examples demonstrate the power of eco-evolutionary dynamics and indicate that evolution is likely more important in biocontrol programs than previously realized. We discuss how this knowledge can be used to enhance efficacy of biological control.

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“…While we know both quantity-and genetic-related mechanisms can be involved in the effect of colonist number on success, there is considerable uncertainty across studies in the separate and relative importance of these mechanisms. For many species, increasing either the quantity or genetic diversity of colonists proves beneficial (Ahlroth et al 2003, Memmott et al 2005, Hufbauer et al 2013, Szűcs et al 2014, Vahsen et al 2018, but others exhibit no benefits when quantity (Drake et al 2005, Fauvergue et al 2007, Crawford and Whitney 2010, Sinclair and Arnott 2017 or genetic diversity are increased (Hovick et al 2012, Erfmeier et al 2013, Robinson et al 2013. Determining what is causing this variability is key to improving our understanding of how the number of colonists affects colonization success, and for informing practical efforts that focus on controlling the colonization process to promote or prevent establishment and growth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…those with invasive traits and/or traits pre-adapted to a recipient environment), known as 'sampling' or 'selection' effects (Huston 1997, Loreau 2000. Increasing the probability of sampling high-performing colonists is a commonly discussed mechanism by which increasing quantity or diversity could benefit colonist success (Hughes and Stachowicz 2004, Reusch et al 2005, Crawford and Whitney 2010, Vahsen et al 2018. However, while the effects of colonist identity have been controlled within studies (Vellend et al 2010, Hovick et al 2012, its potentially variable influence across studies is unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benefits of increased colonist quantity and genetic diversity for colonization depend on colonist identity

Sinclair

Arnott

Millette

et al. 2019

Oikos

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Larger numbers of colonists can be more likely to establish and spread due to the benefits provided by either more individuals (quantity) or a greater diversity of genotypes or phenotypes (genetic diversity). However, the value of higher colonist quantity or genetic diversity varies widely across studies, leaving a great deal of uncertainty in how these respective mechanisms affect colonization success. This variability is potentially driven by differences in which traits are present in respective colonist pools (‘colonist identity’). Studies with high‐performing colonizers (e.g. genotypes pre‐adapted to the colonizing environment) may find increasing quantity or diversity to be beneficial because it increases the chance high‐performers are sampled, while studies with no high‐performers may find no effects of quantity or diversity. Alternatively, quantity and genetic diversity may play little to no role if the smallest populations already contain high‐performing colonists because there is no scope for a sampling effect to operate. We conducted a field mesocosm experiment to determine if variability in the benefits provided by increased quantity or genetic diversity relates to colonist traits. Nine distinct genotypes of Daphnia pulex characterized also by phenotype, were introduced in ‘single’ (one individual) or ‘many’ (nine individuals) introduction quantities and at ‘low’ (monoclonal) and ‘high’ (mixed genotypes) genetic diversities. We found that larger‐bodied D. pulex genotypes benefited less from increased colonist quantity, while increasing genetic diversity tended to have a lower effect on higher growth rate genotypes. Our results show that the trait values of the colonists can determine the benefits gained when colonist quantity or genetic diversity are increased, with potential applications to future research and practical efforts to promote, or prevent, population establishment.

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Prior adaptation, diversity, and introduction frequency mediate the positive relationship between propagule pressure and the initial success of founding populations

Cited by 33 publications

References 48 publications

The importance of growing up: juvenile environment influences dispersal of individuals and their neighbours

The importance of growing up: juvenile environment influences dispersal of individuals and their neighbours

The implications of rapid eco‐evolutionary processes for biological control ‐ a review

Benefits of increased colonist quantity and genetic diversity for colonization depend on colonist identity

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