Prion diseases are efficiently transmitted by blood transfusion in sheep

Houston, Fiona; McCutcheon, Sandra; Goldmann, Wilfred; Chong, Angela; Foster, James D.; Sisó, Sílvia; González, Lorenzo; Jeffrey, Martin; Hunter, Nora

doi:10.1182/blood-2008-04-152520

Cited by 159 publications

(152 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…10 Transmission of TSE via blood was also observed in transfusion experiments performed using sheep that were infected with scrapie, indicating that not only vCJD but also other form of TSE could be transmitted via blood. 10,11 The infectivity titer of TSE in the blood was found to be 1-2 log10 LD50/ml, which was extremely low compared to that found in the brains of infected animals. 10 This indicates that only a minimum amount of the PrPres is present in the blood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Affinity Association between Polynucleotide, Glycoprotein, or Sulfated Polysaccharides and Disease-Associated Prion Protein

Tsukui

Tadokoro

2009

Microbiol�Insights

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Proteinase-K resistant prion protein (PrPres) has the property to aggregate in TSE-injured animal tissues. We have developed a test method to discriminate scrapie-infected and mock-infected hamsters by detecting the PrPres in plasma. It seemed that aggregation of the PrPres with some heterogeneous molecule(s) enabled successful detection by this method. In order to investigate which molecule became the partner in the PrPres aggregates; we examined some molecules that could presumably have this ability. As a result, we found synthetic Poly-A RNA, especially in its denatured form, to be the most effective entity although glycoprotein, sulfated polysaccharide showed less effectiveness. DNA in the denatured form also has a high affinity, although in the presence of protein the effectiveness unsuccessful. On the basis of this result, it is possible that the PrPres aggregate in scrapie-infected hamster plasma is composed of PrPres and RNA.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Affinity Association between Polynucleotide, Glycoprotein, or Sulfated Polysaccharides and Disease-Associated Prion Protein

Tsukui

Tadokoro

2009

Microbiol�Insights

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“…However, the precise mechanism underlying the transmission of prion infectivity from ewe to lamb remains poorly understood. Since it has been demonstrated that prion infectivity is harbored in the blood of sheep with scrapie, 25 vertical transmission could simply result from the large accumulation of blood in the placenta. Indeed, PrP Sc has been observed at the fetal-maternal interface of infected sheep.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Failure to Detect the Presence of Prions in the Uterine and Gestational Tissues from a Gravida with Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease

Xiao

Miravalle

Yuan

et al. 2009

The American Journal of Pathology

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The vertical transmission of a prion disease from infected mothers to their offspring is believed to be one of the routes for the natural spread of animal prion diseases. Supporting this notion is the observation that prion infectivity occurs in the placenta of infected ewes. Furthermore, the prion protein (PrP), both in its cellular form (PrP C ) and its pathological isoform (PrP Sc ), has been observed at the fetal-maternal interface of scrapie-infected sheep. However, whether these features of prion infectivity also hold true for human prion diseases is currently unknown. To begin to address such an important question, we examined PrP in the uterus as well as gestational tissues, including the placenta and amniotic fluid, in a pregnant woman with sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD). Although the proteinase K (PK)-resistant prion protein, PrP27-30, was present in the brain tissues of the mother, the PrP detected in the uterus, placenta, and amniotic fluid was sensitive to PK digestion. Unlike PrP C in the brain and adjacent cerebrospinal fluid, the predominant PrP species in the reproductive and gestational tissues were N-terminally truncated, similar to urine PrP. Our study did not detect abnormal PrP in the reproductive and gestational tissues in this case of CJD. Nevertheless, examination by a highly sensitive bioassay is ongoing to ascertain possible prion infectivity from CJD in the amniotic fluid.

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“…6,16,17 HBV vaccination was advised a total of 188 times, and administration of HBIg was advised only 41 times. This is in accordance with our other studies, in which a reduction in HBIg administration was calculated after the introduction of the new Dutch national guidelines.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Registration of Blood Exposure Accidents in the Netherlands by a Nationally Operating Call Center

Schneeberger

Meiberg²,

Warmelts³

et al. 2012

Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol.

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Objective.Healthcare providers and other employees, especially those who do not work in a hospital, may not easily find help after the occurrence of a blood exposure accident. In 2006, a national call center was established in the Netherlands to fill this gap.Methods.All occupational blood exposure accidents reported to the 24-hours-per-day, 7-days-per-week call center from 2007, 2008, and 2009 were analyzed retrospectively for incidence rates, risk assessment, handling, and preventive measures taken.Results.A total of 2,927 accidents were reported. The highest incidence rates were reported for private clinics and hospitals (68.5 and 54.3 accidents per 1,000 person-years, respectively). Dental practices started reporting incidents frequently after the arrangement of a collective financial agreement with the call center. Employees of ambulance services, midwife practices, and private clinics reported mostly high-risk accidents, whereas penitentiaries frequently reported low-risk accidents. Employees in mental healthcare facilities, private clinics, and midwife practices reported accidents relatively late. The extent of hepatitis B vaccination in mental healthcare facilities, penitentiaries, occupational health services, and cleaning services was low (<70%).Conclusions.The national call center successfully organized the national registration and handling of blood exposure accidents. The risk of blood exposure accidents could be estimated on the basis of this information for several occupational branches. Targeted preventive measures for healthcare providers and other employees at risk can next be developed.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2012;33(10):1017-1023

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Prion diseases are efficiently transmitted by blood transfusion in sheep

Cited by 159 publications

References 35 publications

Affinity Association between Polynucleotide, Glycoprotein, or Sulfated Polysaccharides and Disease-Associated Prion Protein

Affinity Association between Polynucleotide, Glycoprotein, or Sulfated Polysaccharides and Disease-Associated Prion Protein

Failure to Detect the Presence of Prions in the Uterine and Gestational Tissues from a Gravida with Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease

Registration of Blood Exposure Accidents in the Netherlands by a Nationally Operating Call Center

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