Printing technology on textile fibers: Review

Abstract

A PPLICATION of the paste containing the dyes to the required areas on the fabrics is designated as direct printing, consequently dyeing and steaming followed by washing to remove any residues. In pigment printing, the pigments and cured binder adhere to fabric surface with the cured binder film. No further treatment is required. Direct printing is considered the most important printing. Fibers have been defined by the textile institute as units of matter which are characterized by fineness flexibility and high ratio of length to thickness. Fibers are the basic unit from which all textile materials are made. Textile goods are manufactured from fibrous material which may be either of natural or man-made origin.

Textile Triboelectric Nanogenerators with Diverse 3D-Spacer Fabrics for Improved Output Voltage

“…Figure 3a shows the front surface of Type 1 fabric. Figure 3a shows a single jersey structure with a foil finish [16]. Foil finishing makes less stretchable compared to single jersey construction without foil finish.…”

An Overview of Printing Textile Techniques

“…[6,7] It is one of the most diverse and significant methods of introducing colours and patterns to textile materials. [8][9][10][11][12] It is also the process of mixing a design concept, one or more colours, and a substrate (usually textiles) with a natural or synthetic thickener, while applying a technique to correctly apply the colours. [4,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] The main objective of printing is to create colourful patterns with sharp borders on textile fabrics without any dye spilling beyond the design motif's borders.…”

“…Originally, the term "direct" denoted that no previous mordanting or dyeing procedure was involved. [34] In which printing pastes come into direct contact with the fabric surface with no additional processing changes, [12,33] and the dyes used in dyeing a fibre can theoretically be utilized in printing on the same fibre. [28] But Pigment is the most commonly used colourant in textile direct printing and cover approximately 75-80 % of the total of all printing processes as it is a simple and low-cost approach that does not require a lot of equipment, do not require washing, and produce just a minor quantity of waste.…”

“…[1,34] A mesh is coated with a compound that closes all gaps in the screen opening and prevents the dye paste from flowing through the screen except in the places to be printed according to the design specifications. [12] The screen printing procedure involves pushing ink through the holes of a tiny screen mesh [36] Because of the breadth of the fabrics now being printed, mechanized screen printing has become the accepted method for short production runs. [1] Screen printing can be done using flat or cylindrical (rotary) ________________________________________________ Egypt.…”

“…[36] The fabric moves in a continuous movement under a series of cylinders' screens, with the printing paste mechanically supplied into the interior of the screen from a tank and squeezed through onto the cloth at each place. [10,12] Each colour in the pattern requires its own cylinder roller. Rotary-screen printing machines are supplied with adhesive and washing equipment similar to those mentioned before for flatscreen printing.…”