Printing reflectance functions

Malzbender, Tom; Samadani, Ramin; Scher, Steven J.; Crume, Adam; Dunn, Douglas S.; Davis, James

doi:10.1145/2167076.2167078

Cited by 39 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Interactive systems enable non-expert users to design, for example, their own plush toys [Mori and Igarashi 2007] or furniture [Lau et al 2011;Umetani et al 2012]. Rapid prototyping devices allow for the fabrication of physical objects with desired properties based on custom microgemetry [Weyrich et al 2009], reflectance functions [Malzbender et al 2012], subsurface scattering [Hasan et al 2010;Dong et al 2010] and deformation behavior [Bickel et al 2010]. Ensuring that printed objects are structurally stable, Stava et al [2012] proposed to relieve stress by automatically detecting and correcting problematic parts of the models.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational design of mechanical characters

et al. 2013

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Figure 1: The interactive design system we introduce allows non-expert users to create complex, animated mechanical characters. AbstractWe present an interactive design system that allows non-expert users to create animated mechanical characters. Given an articulated character as input, the user iteratively creates an animation by sketching motion curves indicating how different parts of the character should move. For each motion curve, our framework creates an optimized mechanism that reproduces it as closely as possible. The resulting mechanisms are attached to the character and then connected to each other using gear trains, which are created in a semi-automated fashion. The mechanical assemblies generated with our system can be driven with a single input driver, such as a hand-operated crank or an electric motor, and they can be fabricated using rapid prototyping devices. We demonstrate the versatility of our approach by designing a wide range of mechanical characters, several of which we manufactured using 3D printing. While our pipeline is designed for characters driven by planar mechanisms, significant parts of it extend directly to non-planar mechanisms, allowing us to create characters with compelling 3D motions.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational design of mechanical characters

et al. 2013

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“…These methods have been extended to optically decrypt hidden images [Papas et al 2012]. Complementary work examines fabricating surfaces with spatially varying reflectance Malzbender et al 2012] and diffuse shading [Alexa and Matusik 2010]. Another set of approaches uses optimization to compute shadow casting surfaces and volumes [Mitra and Pauly 2009;Bermano et al 2012;Baran et al 2012] that reproduce a given set of input images.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spec2Fab

Chen¹,

Levin²,

Didyk³

et al. 2013

ACM Trans. Graph.

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Figure 1: 3D-printed objects with various effects designed using our reducer-tuner model. Our generalized approach to fabrication enables an easy and intuitive design of objects with different material properties. On the left: a miniature of Earth with a prescribed deformation behavior. On the right: an optimized surface producing a caustic image under proper illumination as well as casting a shadow of a previously designed shape. Insets visualize an input to our system. AbstractMulti-material 3D printing allows objects to be composed of complex, heterogeneous arrangements of materials. It is often more natural to define a functional goal than to define the material composition of an object. Translating these functional requirements to fabricable 3D prints is still an open research problem. Recently, several specific instances of this problem have been explored (e.g., appearance or elastic deformation), but they exist as isolated, monolithic algorithms. In this paper, we propose an abstraction mechanism that simplifies the design, development, implementation, and reuse of these algorithms. Our solution relies on two new data structures: a reducer tree that efficiently parameterizes the space of material assignments and a tuner network that describes the optimization process used to compute material arrangement. We provide an application programming interface for specifying the desired object and for defining parameters for the reducer tree and tuner network. We illustrate the utility of our framework by implementing several fabrication algorithms as well as demonstrating the manufactured results.

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“…They used a blend of classical inks and of glossy metallic inks with specific BRDF's and reproduced the original by an extended halftoning process. Malzbender et al [2012] used halftoning on top of an array of specularly reflecting spherical depressions to create images with desired reflection functions. Dong et al [2012] proposed a method for printing high dynamic range images that show the equivalent of different exposures under different viewing angles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Color imaging and pattern hiding on a metallic substrate

Pjanić

Hersch

2015

ACM Trans. Graph.

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We present a new approach for the reproduction of color images on a metallic substrate that look bright and colorful under specular reflection observation conditions and also look good under nonspecular reflection observation conditions. We fit amounts of both the white ink and the classical cyan, magenta and yellow inks according to a formula optimizing the reproduction of colors simultaneously under specular and non-specular observation conditions. In addition, we can hide patterns such as text or graphical symbols in one viewing mode, specular or non-specular, and reveal them in the other viewing mode. We rely on the tradeoff between amounts of white diffuse ink and amounts of cyan, magenta and yellow inks to control lightness in specular and in non-specular observation conditions. Further effects are grayscale images that alternate from a first image to a second independent image when tilting the print from specular to non-specular reflection observation conditions. Applications comprise art and entertainment, publicity, posters, as well as document security. IntroductionDirect prints on a pure metallic substrate provide bright and brilliant colors when seen under specular reflection, but they look dark and dull when viewed under non-specular reflection [Pjanic and Hersch 2013]. Such prints are becoming commercially available for advertisement purposes and for the decoration of private homes.In the present contribution, we aim at producing partly specular reflecting and partly diffusely reflecting prints that look bright and colorful under specular and also look nice under non-specular observation angles. We rely on the ability to print on top of the metallic substrate diffusely reflecting white ink halftones that reduce the specular reflection component and increase the diffuse reflection component of the print. In addition, we offer the possibility of hiding patterns within a grayscale or color image when seen under specular viewing angles and make them appear when viewed under non-specular viewing angles or vice versa. _______________________We rely on the fact that increasing the amount of white ink darkens the image in specular viewing mode but increases the lightness of the image in the non-specular viewing mode and that the increase of similar amounts of cyan, magenta and yellow inks darkens the image both in specular and non-specular viewing modes.Thanks to the trade-off between the amounts of the white and of the colored inks, the lightness can be kept constant in one viewing mode and can be varied in the second viewing node. This also enables us to produce a metallic print that shows a first grayscale image in one viewing mode, and then, by tilting it to the other viewing mode, shows a second independent grayscale image. We had to meet a number of challenges. The first challenge consisted in creating a color reproduction workflow that enables finding surface coverages of inks yielding colors similar to the original colors under both specular and non-specular observation conditions. This is...

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Printing reflectance functions

Cited by 39 publications

References 17 publications

Computational design of mechanical characters

Computational design of mechanical characters

Spec2Fab

Color imaging and pattern hiding on a metallic substrate

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