Printed 3D Electrode Arrays with Micrometer‐Scale Lateral Resolution for Extracellular Recording of Action Potentials

Grob, Leroy; Yamamoto, Hideaki; Zips, Sabine; Rinklin, Philipp; Hirano‐Iwata, Ayumi; Wolfrum, Bernhard

doi:10.1002/admt.201900517

Cited by 27 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…[230] Novel 3D MEAs encapsulated in hydrogels, such as a polysaccharide-based hydrogel interfaced with conductive pillars, or low-cost 3D printed MEAs, have been also proposed. [231,232] The various 3D in vitro technological-and cell-driven neural models discussed in this section have been classified in Table 2 with respect to the main production technologies and materials. Moreover, the main advantages and disadvantages of each model are reported, as well as common applications.…”

Section: Integrated Three-dimensional Biomimetic Brain Platforms: Com...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Three‐Dimensional Integrated Systems for Biomimetic Neural In Vitro Cultures

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Ginestra

Ceretti

et al. 2022

Adv Materials Inter

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lial cells, and pericytes. [2] The intricate interconnections and spatial organization between neurons as well as between neuronal and non-neuronal cells enable the functional complexity and diversity of the brain, which ultimately generates motor and sensory function, as well as cognitive processes such as memory, learning, and emotions.Despite its critical functions, the brain has very limited ability to self-repair and regenerate upon neurological disease or injury. [3] The regeneration of damaged tissue in the brain after trauma is primarily impeded by glial scar formation and reactive astrocytes. [4] Conversely, neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by progressive dysfunction and loss of subpopulation of specialized cells such as dopaminergic neurons and oligodendrocytes. [5] Moreover, a number of changes occur in the brain extracellular matrix (bECM) in pathological situations, such as alterations in the expression of proteoglycans, protein aggregation, and amyloidosis during the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). [6] To investigate the mechanisms of regeneration and degeneration as well as those which regulate neural circuit formation, morphogenesis, and development, animal models have traditionally been the main research modality. However, these models have presented major challenges due to their genetic, biochemical, and metabolic differences to human physiology, along with the need for expensive and time-consuming protocols and associated ethical issues. In vitro models have been established as efficient alternatives, allowing recreating in vivolike micro-environments to study cellular differentiation, electrical activity, and their relationship to molecular signaling. Additionally, 3D in vitro models represent processes such as cell adhesion, migration, as well as of nutrient and metabolic waste transport in a more biomimetic context than conventional 2D culture. [7][8][9] Multidisciplinary approaches in the field of tissue engineering have emerged since the 1990s with the goal of fabricating biocompatible 3D bioengineered architectures composed of predefined compositions of cells, biomaterials, and biological factors. Ideally, these elements can be combined to generate biomimetic ECM formation and cellular phenotypes. [10][11][12] In parallel with technical advances in materials and fabrication techniques, the development of stem cell biology, and in particular the advent of 3D in vitro neural cultures have gained interest in recent years as promising biomimetic micro-environments which can regulate cell response to neural guidance cues. Several bioengineered technologies have been developed in combination with biomaterials to produce 3D models, such as scaffoldbased neural constructs, neurospheres, cerebral organoids, and brain-onchip devices. While the strategic selection of bioengineering approaches and associated biomaterials has opened a multitude of opportunities in building increasingly advanced neural tissues, technical limitations remain a challenge in modeling the complexity of ...

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Section: Integrated Three-dimensional Biomimetic Brain Platforms: Com...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Three‐Dimensional Integrated Systems for Biomimetic Neural In Vitro Cultures

Seiti

Ginestra

Ceretti

et al. 2022

Adv Materials Inter

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“…[196] To solve this problem, several researchers have tried to fabricate 3D structures for penetrating the dead cell layer in order to explore the exact extracellular and even intracellular acti vity. [16,144,[195][196][197][198] Through this ongoing research, it is possible to selectively penetrate the desired site and use 3D electrodes to detect intracellular signals.…”

Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D Electrodes for Bioelectronics

et al. 2021

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“…μm, [25,26] novel approaches for printing 3D structures with a diameter of several μm have recently been developed, which can potentially be used to further reduce the dimension. [27][28][29] Currently, the electrodes were fabricated using silver and gold, whose elastic moduli are 74 and 77 GPa, respectively. [30] Although the surface area of electrodes exposed to the neuronal network is negligible compared to that of the passivation layer, mechanical mismatch at the cellelectrode interface can be reduced by introducing a soft conductive material, such as composites of PDMS with conductive nanoparticles, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT)/poly(styrene sulfonate), or PEDOT/polyurethane composites.…”

Section: Main Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasoft Silicone Gel as a Biomimetic Passivation Layer in Inkjet‐Printed 3D MEA Devices

et al. 2019

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Multielectrode arrays (MEAs) are versatile tools that are used for chronic recording and stimulation of neural cells and tissues. Driven by the recent progress in understanding of how neuronal growth and function respond to scaffold stiffness, development of MEAs with a soft cell-to-device interface has gained importance not only for in vivo but also for in vitro applications. However, the passivation layer, which constitutes the majority of the cell-device interface, is typically prepared with stiff materials. Herein, a fabrication of a MEA device with an ultrasoft passivation layer is described, which takes advantage of inkjet printing and a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) gel with a stiffness comparable to that of the brain. The major challenge in using the PDMS gel is that it cannot be patterned to expose the sensing area of the electrode. This issue is resolved by printing 3D micropillars at the electrode tip. Primary cortical neurons are grown on the fabricated device, and effective stimulation of the culture confirms functional cell-device coupling. The 3D MEA device with an ultrasoft interface provides a novel platform for investigating evoked activity and drug responses of living neuronal networks cultured in a biomimetic environment for both fundamental research and pharmaceutical applications.

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Printed 3D Electrode Arrays with Micrometer‐Scale Lateral Resolution for Extracellular Recording of Action Potentials

Cited by 27 publications

References 56 publications

Emerging Three‐Dimensional Integrated Systems for Biomimetic Neural In Vitro Cultures

Emerging Three‐Dimensional Integrated Systems for Biomimetic Neural In Vitro Cultures

3D Electrodes for Bioelectronics

Ultrasoft Silicone Gel as a Biomimetic Passivation Layer in Inkjet‐Printed 3D MEA Devices

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