Principles underlying genetic improvement for high and stable crop yield potential

Fasoula, Vasilia A.; Fasoula, Dionysia A.

doi:10.1016/s0378-4290(02)00026-6

Cited by 102 publications

(115 citation statements)

References 36 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Yield and yield stability across a wide range of environments are some of the most important selection targets for a plant breeder (Duvick and Cassman, 1999;Fasoula and Fasoula, 2002;Moose and Mumm, 2008). Yield stability is defined as a cultivar's ability to maintain yield performance across diverse environments and multiple years (i.e., weather conditions).…”

Section: Survey Of Plant Density Tolerance In Us Maize Germplasmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survey of Plant Density Tolerance in U.S. Maize Germplasm

2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A broad range of U.S. maize (Zea mays L.) germplasm was evaluated for plant density tolerance (PDT) to identify potential sources of favorable alleles and to obtain a better understanding the underlying genetics involved. Thirty‐two hybrids created using a set of inbreds representing parentage of key heterotic subgroups were evaluated at plant densities ranging from 47,000 (19,000 plants per acre [ppA]) to 133,000 plants ha−1 (54,000 ppA). Forty‐eight phenotypic traits from five categories (photosynthetic capability, plant architecture, growth responses, source–sink relationship, and general stress tolerance) as well as grain yield were evaluated in three environments that differed for levels of soil moisture availability. The relationship between plant density and grain yield was assessed for each hybrid, with a wide range of responses observed. Five hybrids showed substantial tolerance to plant densities ≥116,000 plants ha−1 based on grain yield performance. Phenotypic trait correlations revealed a subset of traits associated with grain yield across plant densities, with all five categories of traits implicated directly; the subset included leaf angle, upper stem diameter, leaf area required to produce a gram of grain, kernel rows per ear, days to canopy closure, barrenness, kernels per plant, kernel length, leaf number, upper leaf area, staygreen, zipper effect, kernels per row, and anthesis–silking interval. Analysis of gene action for grain yield across plant densities emphasized the prominence of additivity, the increasing importance of nonadditivity as plant density and environmental stress levels increased, and genotype by environment interaction. This work paves the way for further characterization of PDT through quantitative trait locus mapping and candidate gene approaches.

show abstract

Section: Survey Of Plant Density Tolerance In Us Maize Germplasmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survey of Plant Density Tolerance in U.S. Maize Germplasm

2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This may raise breeder's concern, since genetic diversity provides the genetic base for crop enhancement of environmental adaptation, yield or disease resistance. The presence of adequate diverse genetic origin between parents of an F 1 hybrid cultivar is critically important (Fasoula and Fasoula, 2002). Moreover, the genetic progress in a breeding program is actually dependent on the variation in the gene pool (Dreisigacker et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular diversity analysis of eggplant (Solanum melongena) genetic resources

Ali¹,

Zl²,

Dy³

et al. 2011

Genet. Mol. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT. Eggplant (Solanum melongena), a vegetable that is cultivated worldwide, is of considerable importance to agriculture in China. We analyzed the diversity of this plant using inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) and RAPD procedures to subdivide 143 Chinese-cultivated eggplants based on coefficient of parentage, genetic diversity index (GDI) and canonical discriminant analysis. ISSR markers were more effective than RAPD markers for detecting genetic diversity, which ranged from 0.10-0.51, slightly lower than what is known from other crops. Our ISSR/ RAPD data provide molecular evidence that coincides with morphological-based classification into three varieties and further subdivision into eight groups, except for two groups. Intensive use of elite parents and extensive crossing within groups have resulted in increased coefficient of parentage and proportional contribution but decreased GDI during the past decades. The mean coefficient of parentage and proportional con-

show abstract

“…However, the yielding ability of a genotype is controlled by different genes than its competitive ability and the two characters are negatively correlated (Fasoula, 1990;Fasoula & Fasoula, 1997, 2002Janick, 1999;Pan et al, 2003;Fasoula & Tokatlidis, 2012). Hence, the capacity of a particular genotype to yield highly may be masked when the population is evaluated under competition conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Within such a mixture of genotypes, a part of them may represent strong-competitors but low-yielders (Cy) at the one end and weak-competitors but high-yielders (cY) at the other (Fasoula, 1990;Fasoula & Fasoula, 1997, 2002Janick, 1999;Pan et al, 2003;Fasoula & Tokatlidis, 2012). As a result, at high densities where inter-genotype competition prevails, plants share unequally the limited resources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short communication. Decision on germplasm choice to apply breeding within a local population of common vetch is affected by crowding

Chatzoglou

Tokatlidis

2012

Span. j. agric. res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The value of a population as a potential gene pool on which to apply selection may be severely underestimated under competition conditions because of the negative correlation of competitive versus yielding ability. To address this issue, a vetch (Vicia sativa) local population along with a control cultivar was evaluated at densities ranging from 1.15 to 25 plants m -2 . A hyperbolic increasing pattern as density declined was found for both grain and biomass yield. Nevertheless, at the highest density the control cultivar performance exceeded the population, whereas at the lowest density the opposite happened. The results were attributed to the heterogeneity of the population versus the homogeneity of the cultivar combined with the aforementioned negative relationship. It was concluded that severe crowding undervalues the potential of a population because plants representing high yielders cannot exhibit this capacity due to their competitive disadvantage. On the other side, the absence of competition optimizes the yield expression of individual plants. Therefore, absence of competition is recommended as the optimal condition to evaluate populations and make the right decision on the most promising one for breeding.Additional key words: competitive ability; genetic heterogeneity; local population; Vicia sativa; yielding ability. ResumenComunicación corta. La decisión sobre la elección de germoplasma para la mejora de una población local de veza común está afectada por el grado de densidad de siembraEl valor de una población, en el conjunto de sus genes potenciales sobre los que aplicar la selección, podría subestimarse de forma importante en condiciones de competencia, debido a la correlación negativa de la capacidad competitiva frente a la capacidad de producción. Para solucionar este problema, se evaluó una población local de veza (Vicia sativa) junto con un cultivar comercial como control, a densidades que oscilan desde 1,15 hasta 25 plantas m -2 . Se encontró, tanto en producción de grano como de biomasa, un patrón de aumento hiperbólico según iba disminuyendo la densidad. A mayor densidad, el comportamiento del cultivar control fue superior a la población, mientras que a menor densidad ocurrió lo contrario. Los resultados se atribuyeron a la heterogeneidad de la población vs. la homogeneidad del cultivar, combinado con la correlación negativa antes mencionada. Se concluye que las siembras a mayor densidad disminuyen el potencial de una población, porque las plantas muy productivas no llegan a exhibir su capacidad potencial debido a la desventaja competitiva. Por otro lado, la ausencia de competitividad optimiza la expresión de la productividad en plantas individuales. Por tanto, para optimizar la evaluación de las poblaciones para mejora y tomar decisiones correctas, se recomienda la ausencia de competitividad sobre las poblaciones más prometedoras.Palabras clave adicionales: capacidad competitiva; capacidad de producción; heterogeneidad genética; poblaciones locales; Vicia sativa. *Corresponding auth...

show abstract

Principles underlying genetic improvement for high and stable crop yield potential

Cited by 102 publications

References 36 publications

Survey of Plant Density Tolerance in U.S. Maize Germplasm

Survey of Plant Density Tolerance in U.S. Maize Germplasm

Molecular diversity analysis of eggplant (Solanum melongena) genetic resources

Short communication. Decision on germplasm choice to apply breeding within a local population of common vetch is affected by crowding

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About