Principles of semiconductor lasers

Blood, P.

doi:10.1533/9780857096401.1.3

Cited by 1 publication

(5 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…The light-current curves (see Figure 1) show two typical emission zones of semiconductor lasers. These are the spontaneous and stimulated emission zones [8,23]. In most applications, the laser must operate in the stimulated emission zone where the efficiency of the system is maximum and the relationship between the emission power, P, and the forward current, I F (t), is linear and described by:…”

Section: Theoretical Design Of the Pi Controllermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, the threshold current (I th ) states the theoretical beginning of the stimulated emission zone. Both parameters depend on the temperature [8,10]. The nonlinear function that describes the light-current curve has no explicit dependence on time.…”

Section: Theoretical Design Of the Pi Controllermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Laser operation itself and/or changes in the environmental conditions can produce fluctuations in the laser's operation temperature, which generate several unwanted effects [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thermal variations generate a shift of the emission spectrum (wavelengths) and a reduction in the quantum efficiency. The emission spectrum undergoes displacements on the order of tenths of nm (wavelengths) by each Celsius degree of variation in the laser operating temperature [8][9][10]. In addition, decreases in the quantum efficiency modify the relation between the laser supply current with the emitted optical power [8,9,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The emission spectrum undergoes displacements on the order of tenths of nm (wavelengths) by each Celsius degree of variation in the laser operating temperature [8][9][10]. In addition, decreases in the quantum efficiency modify the relation between the laser supply current with the emitted optical power [8,9,11]. These changes can impact the performance of the specific applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design and Stability Analysis of a Digital Automatic Power Control Based on a PI Controller for Laser Drivers

et al. 2023

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Laser diodes are widely used in research and industrial applications in areas such as measurements, communications and health. In most of these applications, stability in the emitted light power is required. This can be realized by modifying the internal parameters, such as the current supply, by using an analog automatic power control (APC). This research presents the design and analysis of a feedback laser driver (digital APC system) based on a proportionall–integral (PI) controller. The controller’s theoretical design acting on the supply current in a laser was obtained by algebraically solving the general equations of a PI controller over a laser described as a steady-state system. The required steady-state model can be determined from the lightl–current curve obtained either from the laser data sheet or experimentally. A posterior numerical analysis shows that the proportional gain of the PI controller is only limited numerically by the reciprocal of the slope efficiency of the laser when the characteristic time of the system is greater than the sampling period. Finally, the APC model was tested in an experimental setting using a laser diode ADL-65052TL at several temperatures. The results show that the proposed relations for the proportional gain and the integral time are valid, achieving the desired power stability with a drift of less than 0.1%.

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Section: Theoretical Design Of the Pi Controllermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Theoretical Design Of the Pi Controllermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Laser operation itself and/or changes in the environmental conditions can produce fluctuations in the laser's operation temperature, which generate several unwanted effects [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%