Principles of oral oncologic surgery

Oronasal and Oroantral Fistulas Secondary to Periodontal Disease: A Retrospective Study Comparing the Prevalence Within Dachshunds and a Control Group

“…Recognizing that periodontal disease is the most common cause of acquired ONF/OAFs, alternative etiologies may include iatrogenic injury that manifests during tooth extraction, including avulsion of a portion of the palatal alveolar wall with the tooth during extraction, displacement of the tooth apex through the palatal alveolar wall during extraction, and exposure of nasoalveolar defects following extraction; postsurgical complications following procedures involving the palatine, incisive, and maxillary bones; iatrogenic surgical trauma; maxillofacial trauma; gunshot wounds; unsuccessful cleft lip/palate repair; neoplasia; electrical injury; eosinophilic granuloma; radiation therapy; pressure necrosis; complications associated with nasopharyngeal stents; and penetrating wounds. 1,4 -6,15 -18…”

“…Although some patients with ONF/OAFs are asymptomatic, many exhibit clinical signs consistent with rhinitis: face rubbing, snorting, sneezing, reverse sneezing, epistaxis, and nasal discharge (serous to mucopurulent). 2 -6 If ONF/OAFs are not identified and repaired, intercavity communication allows movement of oral flora, food, debris, hair, water, and saliva into the nasal cavity. 2 Consequently, chronic inflammation and infection of the nasal tissue occurs.…”

“…Oronasal and oroantral fistulas secondary to periodontal disease are a common clinical finding in the canine species that may result in clinical signs consistent with rhinitis: face rubbing, snorting, sneezing, reverse sneezing, epistaxis, and nasal discharge (serous to mucopurulent). 2 -6…”

“…It has been suggested that ONF/OAFs secondary to periodontal disease are common in small breed dogs and that the dachshund breed appears to be predisposed. 2 -4,7 -9 Also, it is reported that when ONFs are present, maxillary canine teeth are frequently affected. 2,3,6,9…”

Osteonecrosis of the Jaws in Dogs in Previously Irradiated Fields: 13 Cases (1989–2014)

“…Although ORNJ appears to be a rare complication, clients should be advised of possible development of ORNJ following RT. In cases that are surgically amenable, especially smaller tumors, surgery should be considered a first line treatment, as complete removal of oral tumors can result in cure ( 28 ) with minimal effect on function and appearance ( 29 ). In addition, with the development of new reconstructive techniques ( 30 ), function and cosmesis can often be preserved even with larger resections.…”