Principles of Modern Physiotherapy After Surgical Treatment of Lumbar Spine Pain (Review Article)

Abstract

Low back pain is a common disorder and is an important and serious health and social problem. The prevalence and economic burden grow exponentially. Over 350 000 people per year seek consultation with a neurologist and neurosurgeon because of lower back pain in Bulgaria. The pain is provoked most often by improper posture or lifting weights. It is strong and sometimes leads to significantly impaired performance and an inability to get out of bed. Walking and moving are difficult to impossible. Treatment can be conservative or operative. Neurosurgical techniques are continuously evolving in order to facilitate and optimize healing processes. Physiotherapy is essential for functional recovery of the patients after operation, related to overcome the complications, the fatigue and the delayed functional recovery. Various specialized methods as postisometric relaxation, proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation, neurocognitive methodology of Perfetti, neurodevelopment treatment and therapeutic exercises for motor recovery are recommended in order to improve the independence and health related quality of life of the patients.