Principles of Immunochemical Techniques Used in Clinical Laboratories

Koivunen, Marja E.; Krogsrud, Richard L.

doi:10.1309/mv9rm1fdlwauwq3f

Cited by 70 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The success of the sandwich immunoassay test requires the use of an antigen large enough to contain at least two epitopes [33]. Pf HRP-2, which satisfies this requirement, has two epitopes specific to Ms-MAbf and Rb-PAbf.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Carbon Nanofibers Grown on Glass Microballoons Immunosensor: A Tool for Early Diagnosis of Malaria

Gikunoo

Abera

Woldesenbet

2014

Sensors

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This paper presents a novel method for direct detection of Plasmodium falciparum histidine rich protein-2 (PfHRP-2) antigen using carbon nanofiber (CNF) forests grown on glass microballoons (NMBs). Secondary antibodies specific to PfHRP-2 densely attached to the CNFs exhibit extraordinary ability for the detection of minute concentrations of Plasmodium species. A sandwich immunoassay protocol was employed, where a glass substrate was used to immobilize primary antibodies at designated capture zones. High signal amplification was obtained in both colorimetric and electrical measurements due to the CNFs through specific binding. As a result, it was possible to detect PfHRP-2 levels as low as 0.025 ng/mL concentration in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) using a visual signal within only 1 min of test duration. Lower limits of 0.01 ng/mL was obtained by measuring the electrical resistivity of the capture zone. This method is also highly selective and specific in identifying PfHRP-2 and other Plasmodium species from the same solution. In addition, the stability of the labeling mechanism eliminates the false signals generated by the use of dyes in current malaria rapid diagnostic test kits (MRDTs). Thus, the rapid, sensitive and high signal amplification capabilities of NMBs is a promising tool for early diagnosis of malaria and other infectious diseases.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Carbon Nanofibers Grown on Glass Microballoons Immunosensor: A Tool for Early Diagnosis of Malaria

Gikunoo

Abera

Woldesenbet

2014

Sensors

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“…Known types of assays for detection of the disease biomarkers include enzyme, fluorescence, chemiluminescence, nephelometric and radio-immunoassays (Koivunen & Krogsrud, 2006). Encoded particle assays are attracting more attention due to their inherent ability for easier scaling-up from the single analyte to highly parallel multianalyte systems (Rubenstein, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitive Detection of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Biomarkers Using Tag-Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

Markushin¹,

Melikechi²

2012

Ovarian Cancer - Basic Science Perspective

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“…The method can be used for whole blood, serum, or urine. Enzyme multiplied immunoassays can be fully automated with a fast throughput of clinical samples especially in laboratories specialized in monitoring therapeutic drugs [24]. This technique prevents the occurrence of any type of cross-reaction with drugs and reactants (steroid structured hormone compound, furosemide, dopamine, aubaine, caffeine, acetyl salicylic acid, etc.)…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Digoxin-Like Immunoreactive Substance in the Pathogenesis of Transient Tachypnea of Newborn

Yalaz

Levent

Olukman

et al. 2013

BioMed Research International

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Background. Transient tachypnea of newborn (TTN) is usually observed in term or near-term infants. It constitutes an important part of the respiratory distress cases observed in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Aim. This paper examines the effects of digoxin-like immunoreactive substance (DLIS) on fluid and ion balance, hemodynamic and echocardiographic parameters of neonates with TTN. Methods. Plasma DLIS, Na+, K+, urea, creatinine, serum and urine osmolarity, urine FeNa+, 24-hour urine output, echocardiographic investigation and mean blood pressure, and clinical parameters of disease severity were recorded in TTN group and compared with control on the 1st and 7th days of their lives. Results. Plasma DLIS levels were statistically higher in TTN group (0.66 ± 0.37 ng/mL) compared to control group (0.24 ± 0.20 ng/mL) both on the 1st day (P < 0.01) and the 7th day (P < 0.05). For TTN group, significant correlation was found between plasma DLIS levels and maximum respiratory rate, duration of tachypnea, and length of hospitalization on the 1st day. Plasma DLIS levels were correlated negatively with serum osmolarity levels. Plasma DLIS levels were positively correlated with urine output, urinary FeNa+ levels, cardiac output, left ventricles end diastolic diameters, and right ventricles end diastolic diameters. Conclusions. Increased DLIS levels were correlated with disease severity in cases with TTN. This increase may be a primary or secondary event in the disease progress. It may help reduce the fluid overload due to already disturbed cardiac functions in patients by increasing urine output and natriuresis; however it may also contribute to disease pathogenesis, by inhibiting alveolar Na+-K+-ATPase which further decreases fetal alveolar fluid resorption.

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Principles of Immunochemical Techniques Used in Clinical Laboratories

Cited by 70 publications

References 11 publications

A Novel Carbon Nanofibers Grown on Glass Microballoons Immunosensor: A Tool for Early Diagnosis of Malaria

A Novel Carbon Nanofibers Grown on Glass Microballoons Immunosensor: A Tool for Early Diagnosis of Malaria

Sensitive Detection of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Biomarkers Using Tag-Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

Role of Digoxin-Like Immunoreactive Substance in the Pathogenesis of Transient Tachypnea of Newborn

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