Principles of demineralization: Modern strategies for the isolation of organic frameworks

Ehrlich, Hermann; Koutsoukos, Petros G.; Demadis, Konstantinos D.; Pokrovsky, Oleg S.

doi:10.1016/j.micron.2008.06.004

Cited by 105 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 222 publications

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“…Instead, we propose that they might have served as a mineral reservoir. Osteoclastic remodelling of bone mineral is necessary for blood calcium homeostasis 15,[27][28][29] and increases seasonally 30 , during oogenesis 23 , and with increased age 13 in extant animals. Osteoderms are often associated with complex vascular networks, including numerous small diameter anastomozing arteries and veins within the stratum superficiale 3,14,16,22,25,26,31,32 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These vascular networks facilitate thermoregulation in some crocodylians 22 and lizards 25 , and also serve as conduits for mobilized mineral reserves from the integument 23,25,26,30 . Like most other sauropods, titanosaurs like Rapetosaurus rapidly attained skeletal maturity 32 and exhibited comparatively high levels of fecundity 33 , both of which place demands on bone mineral reserves 13,15,22,23,28,29,34,35 . Moreover, Rapetosaurus inhabited a highly seasonal, semi-arid setting that was characterized by periodic, intense droughts that resulted in recurrent mass mortality 19,20 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1f,h). The inner bony margin of the cavity shows resorptive lacunae consistent with osteoclastic resorption [13][14][15] and grades into heavily remodelled fibrolamellar bone (Fig. 1b).…”

Section: Locationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sauropod dinosaur osteoderms from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar

et al. 2011

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osteoderms are bones embedded within the dermis, and are common to select members of most major tetrapod lineages. The largest known animals that bear osteoderms are members of Titanosauria, a diverse clade of sauropod dinosaurs. Here we report on two titanosaur osteoderms recovered from the upper Cretaceous maevarano Formation of madagascar. Each osteoderm was discovered in association with a partial skeleton representing a distinct ontogenetic stage of the titanosaur Rapetosaurus krausei. Combined, these specimens provide novel insights into the arrangement and function of titanosaur osteoderms. Taphonomic data confirm that Rapetosaurus developed only limited numbers of osteoderms in its integument. The adult-sized osteoderm is the most massive integumentary skeletal element yet discovered, with an estimated volume of 9.63 litres. uniquely, this specimen possesses an internal cavity equivalent to more than half its total volume. Large, hollow osteoderms may have functioned as mineral stores in fecund, rapidly growing titanosaurs inhabiting stressed environments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sauropod dinosaur osteoderms from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar

et al. 2011

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“…Among them, a chelation therapy might be of some interest to chemists and materials researchers because it deals with chemical processes (Lamas and Ackermann 2000;Knudtson et al 2002). The general principles of demineralization and decalcification (i.e., removing the mineral Ca-containing compounds (phosphates and carbonates) from the bioorganic matrix) have been extensively reviewed (Ehrlich et al 2008(Ehrlich et al , 2009), where the interested readers are referred to.…”

Section: Antlersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcium orthophosphates (CaPO 4 ): Occurrence and properties

Dorozhkin¹

2017

Morphologie

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“…By applying the strategy of demineralization that yields intact organic scaffolds [72], we provide insights into biomineralization processes, as well as inspire soft materials for biomimetic mineralization. For instance, identified by using Stains-all reagent, heparan sulfate and chondroitin or dermatan sulfate are selectively enriched within the shell structure and at the membrane-bound mammillae sites, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On Mineral Retrosynthesis of a Complex Biogenic Scaffold

2017

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Synergistic relations between organic molecules and mineral precursors regulate biogenic mineralization. Given the remarkable material properties of the egg shell as a biogenic ceramic, it serves as an important model to elucidate biomineral growth. With established roles of complex anionic biopolymers and a heterogeneous organic scaffold in egg shell mineralization, the present study explores the regulation over mineralization attained by applying synthetic polymeric counterparts (polyethylene glycol, poly(acrylic acid), poly(aspartic acid) and poly(4-styrenesulfonic acid-co-maleic acid)) as additives during remineralization of decalcified eggshell membranes. By applying Mg 2+ ions as a co-additive species, mineral retrosynthesis is achieved in a manner that modulates the polymorph and structure of mineral products. Notable features of the mineralization process include distinct local wettability of the biogenic organic scaffold by mineral precursors and mineralization-induced membrane actuation. Overall, the form, structure and polymorph of the mineralization products are synergistically affected by the additive and the content of Mg 2+ ions. We also revisit the physicochemical nature of the biomineral scaffold and demonstrate the distinct spatial distribution of anionic biomolecules associated with the scaffold-mineral interface, as well as highlight the hydrogel-like properties of mammillae-associated macromolecules.

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Principles of demineralization: Modern strategies for the isolation of organic frameworks

Cited by 105 publications

References 222 publications

Sauropod dinosaur osteoderms from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar

Sauropod dinosaur osteoderms from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar

Calcium orthophosphates (CaPO 4 ): Occurrence and properties

On Mineral Retrosynthesis of a Complex Biogenic Scaffold

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