Principles, methodologies, and applications of photon activation analysis: a review

Segebade, Christian; Starovoitova, Valeriia N.; Borgwardt, Tyler; Wells, Douglas P.

doi:10.1007/s10967-017-5238-6

Cited by 23 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…Using traditional continuous assumption for those isotopes will not be accurate enough. However, this observation does not impact too much on nuclear activation analysis since what really counts in traditional radioanalytical practice is the ratio of activities, not the absolute activities of the same radioisotope in sample and reference [4,20,21].…”

Section: Figure 9 Activity Comparison Between Pulse Assumption and Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new equation for activity calculation in pulse irradiation: derivation, simulation, and experimental validation

Sun

2018

NUCL SCI TECH

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To calculate the radioactivity of product nuclides generated in pulse irradiation, it is generally assumed that the irradiation is approximately continues in the entire irradiation period ( ) and the flux of incoming irradiation particle can be obtained by averaging their intensity in each pulse period ( ). However, this approximation fails to acknowledge the fact that the product nuclides are not created in each pulse period ( ) evenly: they are only produced in a very short pulse width ( ) and then decay in a relative long rest time ( = − ). Given by the enormous number of pulses, the sum of these decays may not be negligible. To make the activity calculation in accordance with the real situation in pulse irradiation, we scrutinize the details of irradiation and decay processes in each pulse, applies the geometric series to obtain the activity superimposition of millions of pulses, and derives a novel activity equation particularly suitable for pulse irradiation. The experimental results, numerical simulations, and activity measurements from photon activation driven by a pulsed electron LINAC have confirmed the validity of this new equation. The comparison between the new and traditional equations indicates that their discrepancy could be significant under certain conditions. The limitations of the new activity equation for pulse irradiation are discussed as well.

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Section: Figure 9 Activity Comparison Between Pulse Assumption and Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new equation for activity calculation in pulse irradiation: derivation, simulation, and experimental validation

Sun

2018

NUCL SCI TECH

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“…The nucleic acid found in viruses can consist of either RNA or DNA. The Coronaviridae, for example contain a single molecule of RNA consisting of about 30 Kilobases in length where Kb stands for unit of measurement of DNA or RNA length used in genetics [1,[2][3][4][5][6]. RNA is composed of nucleotides, each containing a sugar (deoxyribose), a Nitrogen containing Base (Adenine, Uracil, Guanine, and Cytosine), and a phosphate group PO4.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RNA Identification and Detection of Nucleic Acids as Aerosols in Air Samples by Means of Photon and Electron Interactions

Tagliapietra¹,

Neuhold²,

Adlish³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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This study presents a methodology to reveal traces of viral particles, as aerosol with known chemical and molecular structure, in a sample by means of photon and electron interactions. The method is based on Monte Carlo simulations and on the analysis of photon-electron fluxes-spectra through energy channels counts as a function of different aerosol viral concentrations in the air sample and looking at the peculiar photon/electron interactions with the potential abnormal atomic hydrogen (H), oxygen (O), carbon (C), and phosphorus (P) compositions present in the air sample as a function of living and nonliving matter with PO4 group RNA/DNA strands in a cluster configuration.

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“…Different standardized field methods have been developed for the collection of microplastic samples in sediment [6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13], sand and surface water which continue to be tested. In the end, the field and laboratory protocols will allow a global comparison of the quantity of microplastics released into the environment, which is the first step in determining the final distribution, impacts and fate of these debris.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyethylene Identification in Ocean Water Samples by Means of 50 Kev Energy Electron Beam

Adlish¹,

Costa²,

Mainardi³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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The study presented hereafter shows a new methodology to reveal traces of polyethylene (the most common microplastic particles, known as a structure of C2H4) in a sample of ocean water by the irradiation of a 50 keV, 1 µA electron beam. This is performed by analyzing the photon (produced by the electrons in water ) fluxes and spectra (i.e. fluxes as a function of photon energy) at different types of contaminated water with an adequate device and in particular looking at the peculiar interactions of electrons/photons with the potential abnormal atomic hydrogen (H), oxygen (O), carbon (C), phosphorus (P) compositions present in the water, as a function of living and not living organic organisms with a PO4 group RNA/DNA strands in a cluster configuration through a volumetric cells grid.

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Principles, methodologies, and applications of photon activation analysis: a review

Cited by 23 publications

References 90 publications

A new equation for activity calculation in pulse irradiation: derivation, simulation, and experimental validation

A new equation for activity calculation in pulse irradiation: derivation, simulation, and experimental validation

RNA Identification and Detection of Nucleic Acids as Aerosols in Air Samples by Means of Photon and Electron Interactions

Polyethylene Identification in Ocean Water Samples by Means of 50 Kev Energy Electron Beam

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