Principles and overview of network steganography

Abstract

Abstract. The paper presents basic principles of network steganography, which is a comparatively new research subject in the area of information hiding, followed by a concise overview and classification of network steganographic methods and techniques.

Trends Toward Real-Time Network Data Steganography

“…The idea of using the underlying protocols or elements of the fundamental operation of the networks dates by to the early 1980's during the formation of the early Internet and the defining period for many network protocol definitions [3] [6]. In fact, a review of several key online databases shows that before the year 2000 only 25 papers discuss the topic of network steganography.…”

“…Finally, in active mode, the messages can be completely modified even to the point of altering the semantic content or introducing distortive effects [9][11]. Network steganography is built upon this same prisoner-problem model [3]. The only major difference is that medium or cover file used is the network.…”

“…This is especially true in the technical methods of digital embedding [1] [2]. Digital steganography has been used since the early 1980's and network steganography techniques quickly evolved with the advent of the Internet and standardized multimedia formats used for data exchange [3]. These early network steganography methods have remained consistent in technique with only minor variances associated with network applications.…”

“…These threats imposed by network steganography are generally considered one of the most difficult challenges facing private and government organizations due to not only the technical complexity and sheer volume of data analytics involved but also from the national and international law and politics [6] [7]. There are currently three major accepted classifications of network steganography which arethe protocol storage, protocol timing, and application protocol header modifications [3] [5]. Each of these methods takes advantage of the open system TCP/IP network communications protocols to exploit and establish covert data channels.…”

Cloud Computing: Information Security Concerns

“…Стандартно выделяют три основные задачи информационной безопасности: конфиденциальность, целостность и доступность [21]. Конфиденциальность -это скрытие информации и ресурсов.…”