Principal features of the cpDNA evolution in Taraxacum (Asteraceae, Lactuceae): a conflict with taxonomy

Kirschner, Jan; Štěpánek, Jan; Mes, Ted H. M.; Nijs, J.C.M. den; Oosterveld, Paul; Kuperus, P.

doi:10.1007/s00606-003-0002-5

Cited by 32 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The genus comprises over 2500 species grouped in ca. 55 sections (Kirschner andtìpánek 1997, 2004;Kirschner et al 2003;Uhlemann et al 2004). Vast majority of described taxa are apomictic microspecies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taraxacum scanicum Dahlst. group (section Erythrosperma) in Poland: chorology and seed and pollen morphology of the microspecies

Marciniuk¹,

Vašut

Marciniuk³

et al. 2011

Acta Soc Bot Pol

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The genus Taraxacum is taxonomically complicated due to apomixis. Therefore, there are significant differences in knowledge of regional Taraxacum-Floras among European countries. Similarly, some taxa are well characterised with well-known distribution, whereas some ones are known e.g. from a single locality. Taraxacum scanicum of section Erythrosperma is one of the most common microspecies of this section in Europe. Recently, this taxon was split into three microspecies. In this study we map the distribution of three described taxa of this group in Poland, i.e. T. scanicum s.s., T. prunicolor and T. cristatum. The survey showed that T. scanicum has a similar distribution as T. prunicolor in Poland. This is in contrast with the hitherto known distribution of both taxa. T. cristatum was found at a single locality that is quite distant from the distribution in southern central Europe. We also provide with new morphological characteristics of achenes and pollen for T. scanicum s.s. and T. prunicolor

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taraxacum scanicum Dahlst. group (section Erythrosperma) in Poland: chorology and seed and pollen morphology of the microspecies

Marciniuk¹,

Vašut

Marciniuk³

et al. 2011

Acta Soc Bot Pol

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“…Hamata H. Øllgaard: a new group of dandelions in Slovakia Taraxacum sect. Hamata is an evolutionary advanced section (Wittzell 1999;Kirschner et al 2003), and it is comprised exclusively of triploid apomicts. Morphologically, it is very close to section Ruderalia, from which it was separated (Øllgaard 1983).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Notes on the genus Taraxacum in Slovakia. I. Taraxacum sect. Hamata: a new group of dandelions in Slovakia

Trávníček

Vašut

2011

Biologia

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The hamate dandelion section (Taraxacum sect. Hamata H. Øllg.) represents a morphologically tight group of taxa, distributed in the oceanic and sub-oceanic regions of Europe. In Central Europe, it is mostly confined to freshly moist meadows, as well as places in the shade within urban areas. The known distribution area in Europe until now extended towards the E part of the Czech Republic and S Poland. During the past six years, we have discovered an additional eleven localities of hamate dandelions in NW and N Slovakia, which represents a corrected south-eastern limit for the distribution area of this section. In this paper, we discuss seven recognized taxa (T. boekmanii, T. fusciflorum, T. hamatiforme, Taraxacum hamatum, T. lamprophyllum, T. pseudohamatum, and T. quadrans). We provide a determinative key to the Slovakian hamate dandelions, brief species descriptions, comments on their distribution, a distribution map of the section in Slovakia, as well as images of all of the newly found species.

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“…The genus is generally divided into sections rather than species, with sections being loose collections of dandelion taxa sharing morphological traits. Genetic analysis showed that those sections are not monophyletic groups; a large part of the chloroplast variation was shared between the sections (Wittzell, 1999;Kirschner et al, 2003). This study focuses on section Ruderalia, which is the most widespread section and includes the majority of dandelions found in central Europe.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Male sterility in triploid dandelions: asexual females vs asexual hermaphrodites

Meirmans

Nijs²,

Tienderen³

2005

Heredity

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Male reproductive output, pollen in plants and sperm in animals has been shown to constitute a substantial cost for many organisms. In parthenogenetic hermaphrodites, selection is therefore expected to reduce the allocation of resources to male reproductive output. However, sustained production of pollen or sperm has been observed in numerous asexual hermaphrodites. We studied the widespread production of pollen by triploid asexual dandelions, Taraxacum sect. Ruderalia, comparing rare male sterile individuals with pollen producing asexuals. We found that individuals can show plasticity in the production of pollen, but that it is nevertheless possible to distinguish between (facultatively) male sterile asexuals and male fertile asexuals. Based on evidence from genetic markers and crosses, we conclude that the male sterility in asexual dandelions is caused by nuclear genes, in contrast to the cytoplasmically inherited male sterility previously found in sexual dandelions. Male sterile lineages did not produce more seeds per flower head, heavier seeds or seeds that were more viable. However, male sterile plants did produce more seed heads and hence more seeds than pollen producing ones, indicating that they were able to reallocate resources toward seed production. Considering the difference in seed production, it remains puzzling that not more asexual dandelions are male sterile.

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Principal features of the cpDNA evolution in Taraxacum (Asteraceae, Lactuceae): a conflict with taxonomy

Cited by 32 publications

References 19 publications

Taraxacum scanicum Dahlst. group (section Erythrosperma) in Poland: chorology and seed and pollen morphology of the microspecies

Taraxacum scanicum Dahlst. group (section Erythrosperma) in Poland: chorology and seed and pollen morphology of the microspecies

Notes on the genus Taraxacum in Slovakia. I. Taraxacum sect. Hamata: a new group of dandelions in Slovakia

Male sterility in triploid dandelions: asexual females vs asexual hermaphrodites

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