Priming Cardiopulmonary Bypass in Pediatric Surgery: Reply

Abstract

CORRESPONDENCE tracheal intubation than adults. Although the American Society of Anesthesiologists (Schaumburg, Illinois; ASA) provides definitions and clinical examples to guide the use of the ASA Physical Status system, Dr. Horvath states correctly that a patient's age is not considered. 3 Dr. Horvath's suggestion of updating the definitions for the ASA Physical Status system for pediatric patients is worthy of discussion. Assigning ASA Physical Status II to healthy infants because of higher rates of adverse events during tracheal intubation might be problematic. First, the purpose of the ASA Physical Status classification system is to communicate the patient's medical comorbidities, not their anesthetic risk. Second, if age were considered a comorbidity then one would have to assign a higher status for patients at both extremes of age, not just infants. Finally, a rapid sequence induction in a child increases the risk of hypoxemia during laryngoscopy, yet ASA Physical Status is not typically adjusted because of a plan for rapid sequence induction. There are many clinical scenarios wherein infants may be classified appropriately as ASA Physical Status I, such as a 3-month-old patient undergoing a circumcision. Although direct laryngoscopy can be challenging in infants, there are alternatives for establishing an airway, including supraglottic airways and video laryngoscopy, that may be less challenging than direct laryngoscopy.

Effect of Modified Ultrafiltration (MUF) on Lactate Levels in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery

“…Hence study empowers the use of MUF for reduction of lactate levels. 14 WU et al performed study on n=90 patients. He divided the patients into three groups (A, B and C) 30 in each group respectively.…”