Priming and adaptation in native speakers and second-language learners

Kaan, Edith; Chun, Eunjin

doi:10.1017/s1366728916001231

Cited by 55 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…However, with growing proficiency, learners increasingly behaved like native Spanish speakers, similar to the advanced learners in Flett et al (2013). This change in patterns of adaptation supports the conclusion that learners’ expectations increasingly become attuned to the typical lexicalization patterns of the L2 and rely less on L1 experience with growing proficiency, reconciling the different findings in Flett et al (2013) and Kaan and Chun (2017).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 77%

“…In sum, the available evidence suggests that L2 speakers at intermediate proficiency levels adapt production to recent input partly as a function of their L1 preferences (Kaan & Chun, 2017), whereas highly proficient L2 speakers show the same priming patterns as native speakers (Flett et al, 2013). These results are compatible with the hypothesis that L2 learners transition from primarily L1- to L2-based expectations during the course of L2 acquisition, as postulated by experienced-based accounts of L2 acquisition (e.g., Ellis, 2002; MacWhinney, 2008; Pajak, Fine, Kleinschmidt & Jaeger, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Changing expectations mediate adaptation in L2 production

Montero-Melis

Jaeger

2019

Bilingualism

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Native language (L1) processing draws on implicit expectations. An open question is whether non-native learners of a second language (L2) similarly draw on expectations, and whether these expectations are based on learners’ L1 or L2 knowledge. We approach this question by studying inverse preference effects on lexical encoding. L1 and L2 speakers of Spanish described motion events, while they were either primed to express path, manner, or neither. In line with other work, we find that L1 speakers adapted more strongly after primes that are unexpected in their L1. For L2 speakers, adaptation depended on their L2 proficiency: The least proficient speakers exhibited the inverse preference effect on adaptation based on what was unexpected in their L1; but the more proficient speakers were, the more they exhibited inverse preference effects based on what was unexpected in the L2. We discuss implications for L1 transfer and L2 acquisition.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changing expectations mediate adaptation in L2 production

Montero-Melis

Jaeger

2019

Bilingualism

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“…Syntactic priming has been explored within and between languages (e.g., Bernolet et al, 2013;Kantola & van Gompel, 2011), in aural and written modalities (e.g., Kaan & Chun, 2018;Song & Do, 2018), in comprehension and production (e.g., Hartsuiker et al, 2004;Wei et al, 2017), and in lab-based settings and natural discourse. It has been studied in various languages (e.g., German: Jackson & Ruf, 2017) and with many different methodologies (e.g., confederate scripting tasks, picture description tasks).…”

Section: Syntactic Primingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-linguistic syntactic priming in Korean learners of English

Son

2020

Applied Psycholinguistics

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This study investigates whether L2 learners develop and share an abstract syntactic representation between an L1 and L2 with different word orders and, if so, whether one language’s unique syntactic features affect the shared representation. Korean (SOV) and English (SVO) have equivalent dative alternations; however, because Korean allows word-order scrambling, several dative structures are available in Korean that do not have English counterparts. In this study’s cross-linguistic syntactic priming experiment, intermediate and advanced Korean learners of English described pictures in English after reading various types of Korean dative sentences. The study found evidence of cross-linguistic syntactic priming between Korean and English, regardless of L2 proficiency, but only when prime and target structures shared identical functional assignments, information structures, and order of thematic roles. These results suggest that, within limits created by language-specific features, L2 learners can develop and share abstract representations between two languages with different word orders.

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“…This work can provide valuable constraints pertaining to the nature of grammatical representations: how categorical they are, what is their granularity, and what are the mechanisms for general implicit (non-declarative) and procedural memories shared with those storing lexico-syntactic information. A model formulating syntactic storage within a hybrid symbolic/sub-symbolic cognitive architecture (Reitter et al, 2011 ) has seen several empirical predictions borne out (e.g., Kaschak et al, 2011 ; Segaert et al, 2016 ), including that such priming is modulated by the long-term activation (frequency) of syntactic information in the same way in L1 and in L2 speakers (Kaan and Chun, 2017 ). This lends credence to joint representational mechanisms (i.e., hybrid symbolic/subsymbolic representations), regardless of age of acquisition.…”

Section: Dynamic Integrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated, Not Isolated: Defining Typological Proximity in an Integrated Multilingual Architecture

2018

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On the surface, bi- and multilingualism would seem to be an ideal context for exploring questions of typological proximity. The obvious intuition is that the more closely related two languages are, the easier it should be to implement the two languages in one mind. This is the starting point adopted here, but we immediately run into the difficulty that the overwhelming majority of cognitive, computational, and linguistic research on bi- and multilingualism exhibits a monolingual bias (i.e., where monolingual grammars are used as the standard of comparison for outputs from bilingual grammars). The primary questions so far have focused on how bilinguals balance and switch between their two languages, but our perspective on typology leads us to consider the nature of bi- and multi-lingual systems as a whole. Following an initial proposal from Hsin (2014), we conjecture that bilingual grammars are neither isolated, nor (completely) conjoined with one another in the bilingual mind, but rather exist as integrated source grammars that are further mitigated by a common, combined grammar (Cook, 2016; Goldrick et al., 2016a,b; Putnam and Klosinski, 2017). Here we conceive such a combined grammar in a parallel, distributed, and gradient architecture implemented in a shared vector-space model that employs compression through routinization and dimensionality reduction. We discuss the emergence of such representations and their function in the minds of bilinguals. This architecture aims to be consistent with empirical results on bilingual cognition and memory representations in computational cognitive architectures.

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Priming and adaptation in native speakers and second-language learners

Cited by 55 publications

References 57 publications

Changing expectations mediate adaptation in L2 production

Changing expectations mediate adaptation in L2 production

Cross-linguistic syntactic priming in Korean learners of English

Integrated, Not Isolated: Defining Typological Proximity in an Integrated Multilingual Architecture

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