Priming and Accelerated Aging Affect L-isoaspartyl Methyltransferase Activity in Tomato Seed

Kester, Sharon T.; Geneve, Robert L.; Houtz, Robert L.

doi:10.21273/hortsci.31.4.632d

Cited by 7 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…For example, high concentrations of PEG inhibited the germination of Lycopersicon esculentum Mill., Avena sativa L., Castanea mollissima Blume, and Betula luminifera H.J.P.Winkl. seeds (Kester et al 1997;Xia et al 2016). This was consistent with the inhibitory effect of 25% PEG priming on the germination of H. bodinieri seeds, although such effect by PEG treatment after 6 days of storage was very weak (Fig.…”

Section: Germination Of Ultra-dry Stored Seed Requires Seed Primingsupporting

confidence: 85%

Effects of ultra-dry storage on seed germination and seedling growth of <i>Handeliondendron bodinieri</i>

Xie¹,

Liu²,

Guo³

et al. 2021

Silva Fenn.

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(H. LÃ©v.) Rehder is a rare, endangered, and therefore, protected tree species native to China. However, there are serious limitations to the effective protection of the species, including a low seed germination-rate and difficult storage due to a high seed oil-content. Here, we evaluated the feasibility of ultra-dry seed storage and its effects on seedling growth. We used the silica gel method to prepare ultra-dry seeds with different moisture contents to find an optimal moisture content range (2.54%â4.77%). Ultra-dry treatment improved storability of . Furthermore, seeds with a moisture content of 4.77% stored at room temperature, and seeds with a moisture content of 3.97% stored at 4 Â°C yielded the best results. Priming with an appropriate concentration of polyethylene glycol had a certain repairing effect on ultra-dry stored seeds and improved seed vigor, with a two-day priming treatment with 20% polyethylene glycol having the best effect. Finally, compared with sand storage at 4 Â°C, ultra-dry storage promoted seedling growth and root development; furthermore, it alleviated storage damage to seeds, promoted soluble sugar and soluble protein accumulation, and increased seedling nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium uptake. Therefore, ultra-dry storage can be effectively used to preserve seeds. Specifically, low-temperature storage of ultra-dry seeds with a moisture content of 3.97% enhanced seed vigor, and seedling growth and development.Handeliodendron bodinieriH. bodinieri seedsH. bodinieriH. bodinieriH. bodinieri

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Section: Germination Of Ultra-dry Stored Seed Requires Seed Primingsupporting

confidence: 85%

Effects of ultra-dry storage on seed germination and seedling growth of <i>Handeliondendron bodinieri</i>

Xie¹,

Liu²,

Guo³

et al. 2021

Silva Fenn.

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“…Seed aging causes deterioration and viability loss through various biochemical changes (Kerter et al 1997;Spano et al 2006). The differences among the weed species in the rate of decline in viability could be attributed to inherent genetic and physiological characteristics and their interactions with the physical environment.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postdispersal Loss of Important Arable Weed Seeds in the Midsouthern United States

Bagavathiannan

Norsworthy

2013

Weed sci.

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Postdispersal processes play an important role in the regulation of weed population dynamics. Experiments were conducted at two locations in Arkansas to understand postdispersal loss of five arable weed species important to this region—barnyardgrass, johnsongrass, pitted morningglory, Palmer amaranth, and red rice—between seed dispersal in autumn and the production of fresh seeds the subsequent autumn. Total seed loss through predation, decay, germination (fatal or successful), and loss in viability was estimated, and the influences of residue level and seed burial depth (near ground vs. 5 cm deep) were also examined. On average, the active (i.e., viable) seedbank proportion in spring (5 mo after dispersal) ranged from 8 to 11% (barnyardgrass), 10 to 11% (johnsongrass), 20 to 23% (pitted morningglory), 4 to 6% (Palmer amaranth), and 5 to 10% (red rice) across the two locations. At 1 yr after dispersal, 0.7 to 1.5% of barnyardgrass, 7 to 8% of johnsongrass, 5 to 9% of pitted morningglory, about 1.5% of Palmer amaranth, and 0.2 to 0.7% of red rice were part of the active seedbank for the two locations. There was no evidence to suggest that establishing a vegetation cover (such as a rye cover crop) after harvest of the main crop could accelerate seed predation. Burial depth did not influence seed decay, but most (45 [pitted morningglory] to 99% [Palmer amaranth]) of the seeds retrieved from the predator feeding stations were found buried in the soil substrate, and thus, not available for most predator species. This suggests that practices that allow weed seeds to lie on the soil surface (such as no-till planting in autumn) are highly valuable in encouraging seed predation. The high levels of seed loss observed in this study indicate that seedbank management should be a vital component of integrated weed management strategies.

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“…In naturally-aged barley seeds the activity of the enzyme declined and the level of 'unrepaired' L-isoaspartyl residues increased as viability declined. Similarly, Kester et al (1997) showed that the activity of L-isoaspartyl methyltransferase decreased in artificially aged tomato seeds as germination rate and viability declined. The studies of Osborne and her group also demonstrate that repair is an essential element contributing to survival of dehydrated orthodox seeds.…”

Section: The Presence and Operation Of Repair Mechanisms During Rehydmentioning

confidence: 97%

A review of recalcitrant seed physiology in relation to desiccation-tolerance mechanisms

1999

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A suite of mechanisms or processes that together have been implicated in the acquisition and maintenance of desiccation tolerance in orthodox seeds is discussed in the context of the behaviour of desiccation-sensitive seeds, and where appropriate, parallels are drawn with the situation in vegetative plant tissues that tolerate dehydration. Factors included are: physical characteristics of cells and intracellular constituents; insoluble reserve accumulation; intracellular de-differentiation; metabolic ‘switching off’; presence, and efficient operation, of antioxidant systems; accumulation of putatively protective substances including LEAs, sucrose and other oligosaccharides, as well as amphipathic molecules; the presence and role of oleosins; and the presence and operation of repair systems during rehydration. The variable response to dehydration shown by desiccation-sensitive seeds is considered in terms of the absence or incomplete expression of this suite of mechanisms or processes.Three categories of damage are envisaged: (i) reduction in cell volume which can lead to mechanical damage; (ii) aqueous-based degradative processes, probably consequent upon deranged metabolism at intermediate water contents. This is termed ‘metabolism-induced damage’ and its extent will depend upon the metabolic rate and the rate of dehydration; and (iii) the removal of water intimately associated with macromolecular surfaces leading to denaturation: this is referred to as desiccation damagesensu stricto. The effects of drying rate and the maturity status of seeds are considered in relation to the responses to dehydration, leading to the conclusion that the concept of critical water contents on a species basis is inappropriate. Viewing seed postharvest physiology in terms of a continuum of behaviour is considered to be more realistic than attempting precise categorization.Rapid dehydration of excised embryonic axes (or other explants) from desiccation-sensitive seeds permits retention of viability (in the short term) to water contents approaching the level of non-freezable water. This opens up the possibility of long-term conservation, by cryopreservation techniques, of the genetic resources of species producing non-orthodox seeds.

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Priming and Accelerated Aging Affect L-isoaspartyl Methyltransferase Activity in Tomato Seed

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of ultra-dry storage on seed germination and seedling growth of <i>Handeliondendron bodinieri</i>

Effects of ultra-dry storage on seed germination and seedling growth of <i>Handeliondendron bodinieri</i>

Postdispersal Loss of Important Arable Weed Seeds in the Midsouthern United States

A review of recalcitrant seed physiology in relation to desiccation-tolerance mechanisms

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