PRIMER REGISTRO DE LA PRESENCIA Y REPRODUCCIÓN DEL ANURO Rhinella poeppigii (Tschudi, 1845) EN UN ÁREA ANTRÓPICA DEL DEPARTAMENTO DE LIMA, PERÚ

Castro, Marta Williams León de; Sánchez, Dennis Rey

doi:10.21704/rea.v13i1-2.461

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 10 publications

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“…Esta relación entre diversidad y funcionalidad se encuentra estrechamente en relación con factores de tipo biológico, fisiográfico, climático, ecológico y de distribución, a los cuales responden los seres vivos (Maciel-Mata et al, 2015). En este contexto, organismos como los anfibios responden con variadas estrategias reproductivas, fisiológicas y conductuales encaminadas a la selección y uso de los recursos, entre los que destacan el microhábitat y el alimento (Acuña- Vargas, 2016), y de manera intrínseca con sus Acta Zoológica Mexicana (nueva serie) 34 (2018) 3 periodos de actividad diarios y estacionales (Vitt & Caldwell, 2014;Williams-León de Castro & Rey-Sánchez, 2014;Luja et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Aspectos ecológicos de una comunidad de anuros en un ambiente tropical estacional en Guanajuato, México

Leyte-Manrique

González-García

Quintero-Díaz

et al. 2018

AZM

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2018) Aspectos ecológicos de una comunidad de anuros en un ambiente tropical estacional en Guanajuato, México. Acta Zoológica Mexicana (nueva serie), 34, 1-14. https://doi.org/10. 21829/azm.2018.3412138 RESUMEN. En este estudio comparamos aspectos ecológicos del uso del microhábitat y periodo de actividad de una comunidad de anuros en cuatro tipos de vegetación (bosque tropical caducifolio, bosque de galera, matorral xerófilo y pastizal inducido) en un ambiente tropical estacional de la región suroeste del estado de Guanajuato, en el Área Natural Protegida Las Musas. Se registraron nueve especies de anuros, tres de sapos y seis de ranas, de las cuales la más abundante fue Lithobates neovolcanicus (152 individuos), y las menos abundantes, con un solo individuo Craugastor occidentalis y Spea multiplicata. Se caracterizaron 17 distintos tipos de microhábitats, con diferencias entre especies (H = 0.22; P = 0.01) en cuanto a su uso. Los tipos de vegetación con la mayor heterogeneidad de microhábitats fueron el bosque tropical y el bosque de galería, en comparación con el matorral xerófilo y pastizal. Las especies que usaron más microhábitats fueron L. neovolcanicus, Anaxyrus compactilis y Dryophytes eximius. El mayor solapamiento se registró entre A. compactilis e Incilius occidentalis con el 100 %; para I. occidentalis y D. arenicolor fue de 89 % y para I. occidentalis y L. neovolcanicus de 72 %. Los periodos de actividad más prolongados se registraron en A. compactilis (10:28 a 22:10 hrs) y L. neovolcanicus (10:40 a 22:20 hrs). Se encontró una relación positiva entre la temperatura corporal y la temperatura del microhábitat y la ambiental para A. compactilis, I. occidentalis, D. eximius, D. arenicolor, y L. neovolcanicus. La comunidad de anuros presente en el área de estudio puede diferenciarse en tres componentes eco-estructurales, conforme a sus hábitos; especies acuáticas, saxícolas-terrestres y arborícolas, determinados tanto por sus hábitos para la selección de microhábitats, como por sus periodos de actividad diarios. Consideramos que si bien, la heterogeneidad vegetal es importante en la distribución de las especies y disponibilidad de microhábitats, no es el principal factor en la selección y uso de los Leyte-Manrique et al.: Ecología de anuros en el ANP Las Musas Palabras clave: Microhábitat, actividad, anuros, comunidad, Las Musas, Guanajuato.Leyte-Manrique, A., ABSTRACT.In this study we compared ecological aspects of the use of the microhabitat and period of activity of an anuran community in four types of vegetation (deciduous tropical forest, gallery forest, xerophilous scrub and induced pasture) in a seasonal tropical environment of the southwestern region of the state of Guanajuato, Las Musas Protected Natural Area. There were nine species of anurans, three toads and six frogs, of which the most abundant was Lithobates neovolcanicus (152 individuals), and the least abundant, with only one individual Craugastor occidentalis and Spea multiplicata. We characterized 17 different types of microhabitats,...

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Section: Introductionunclassified

Aspectos ecológicos de una comunidad de anuros en un ambiente tropical estacional en Guanajuato, México

Leyte-Manrique

González-García

Quintero-Díaz

et al. 2018

AZM

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Can Anyone Climb? The Skills of a Non-specialized Toad and its Bearing on the Evolution of New Niches

et al. 2021

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Several studies of arboreal anuran species show morphological specializations for clinging onto narrow substrates. However, little is known about these capacities in non-specialized anurans, which is crucial to understand the initial phases of adaptation to a new niche. To assess the functional requirements related to the evolution of arboreality in anurans we analyzed climbing performance, and correlated anatomical traits, in the terrestrial toad Rhinella arenarum, a species choose as a proxy for the ancestral condition regarding the evolution of this specialized niche. We studied the impact of a substrate of wooden rods with different diameters, arrangements, and slopes on locomotion, grasping, and climbing with a comparative framework. Animals were confronted with climbing tests, video recording their behaviors. Preserved specimens were dissected to assess limb myology, osteology, and tendons' characteristics. Our results show that how terrestrial toad R. arenarum climbs is different from those displayed by specialized tree frogs. Animals flexed their fingers and toes, grasping the substrate displaying hookings and partial graspings. The palm was scarcely involved in the grip, as in specialized anurans. These actions were performed although flexor and extensor muscles of the digits are highly conserved and generalized. Further, we formally assess the evolutionary history of ecological and anatomical traits related to climbing among Rhinella species to improving the comprehension of the relation between morphofunctional patterns and behavioral climbing skills. Our experiments revealed that this terrestrial toad possesses unexpected climbing capacities, suggesting a way in which evolution of new niches could have developed in the evolution of anurans.

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Evolution in the Genus Rhinella: A Total Evidence Phylogenetic Analysis of Neotropical True Toads (Anura: Bufonidae)

Pereyra

Blotto

Baldo

et al. 2021

Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History

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True toads of the genus Rhinella are among the most common and diverse group of Neotropical anurans. These toads are widely distributed throughout South America, inhabiting a great diversity of environments and ecoregions. Currently, however, the genus is defined solely on the basis of molecular characters, and it lacks a proper diagnosis. Although some phenetic species groups have traditionally been recognized within Rhinella, the monophyly of some of them have been rejected in previous phylogenetic analyses, and many species remain unassigned to these poorly defined groups. Additionally, the identity and taxonomy of several species are problematic and hinder the specific recognition and description of undescribed taxa. In this work, we first perform phylogenetic analyses of separate mitochondrial and nuclear datasets to test the possible occurrence of hybridization and/or genetic introgression in the genus. The comparative analysis of both datasets revealed unidirectional mitochondrial introgressions of an unknown parental species into R . horribilis ("ghost introgression") and of R . dorbignyi into R . bernardoi; therefore, the mitochondrial and nuclear datasets of these species were considered separately in subsequent analyses. We performed total-evidence phylogenetic analyses that included revised molecular (four mitochondrial and five nuclear genes) and phenotypic (90 characters) datasets for 83 nominal species of Rhinella, plus several undescribed and problematic species and multiple outgroups. Results demonstrate that Rhinella was nonmonophyletic due to the position of R . ceratophrys, which was recovered as the sister taxon of Rhaebo nasicus with strong support. Among our outgroups, the strongly supported Anaxyrus + Incilius is the sister clade of all other species of Rhinella. Once R . ceratophrys is excluded, the genus Rhinella is monophyletic, well supported, and composed of two major clades. One of these is moderately supported and includes species of the former R . spinulosa Group (including R . gallardoi); the monophyletic R . granulosa, R . crucifer, and R . marina Groups; and a clade composed of the mitochondrial sequences of R . horribilis. The other major clade is strongly supported and composed of all the species from the non-monophyletic R . veraguensis and R . margaritifera Groups, the former R . acrolopha Group, and R . sternosignata. Consistent with these results, we define eight species groups of Rhinella that are mostly diagnosed by phenotypic synapomorphies in addition to a combination of morphological character states. Rhinella sternosignata is the only species that remains unassigned to any group. We also synonymize nine species, treat three former subspecies as full species, and suggest that 15 lineages represent putative undescribed species. Lastly, we discuss the apparently frequent occurrence of hybridization, deep mitochondrial divergence, and "ghost introgression"; the incomplete phenotypic evidence (including putative character systems that could be used for future phylogenetic...

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PRIMER REGISTRO DE LA PRESENCIA Y REPRODUCCIÓN DEL ANURO Rhinella poeppigii (Tschudi, 1845) EN UN ÁREA ANTRÓPICA DEL DEPARTAMENTO DE LIMA, PERÚ

Cited by 3 publications

References 10 publications

Aspectos ecológicos de una comunidad de anuros en un ambiente tropical estacional en Guanajuato, México

Aspectos ecológicos de una comunidad de anuros en un ambiente tropical estacional en Guanajuato, México

Can Anyone Climb? The Skills of a Non-specialized Toad and its Bearing on the Evolution of New Niches

Evolution in the Genus Rhinella: A Total Evidence Phylogenetic Analysis of Neotropical True Toads (Anura: Bufonidae)

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