Primate Visions: Gender, Race, and Nature in the World of Modern Science

Kanner, Melinda; Haraway, Donna

doi:10.2307/4612160

Cited by 46 publications

(56 citation statements)

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“…This interdisciplinary field has largely been silent on discussions of outer space natures. We note, following feminist STS scholarship (see Haraway, 1989;Messeri, 2016;Olson, 2018;Shaw, 2004), that preparing for interplanetary existence involves cultural and symbolic work through science fiction literature and other media, including digital games. The return of popular desires for interplanetary exploration has brought a resurgence of paternalistic and colonizing tropes critiqued decades ago by feminist scholars.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The return of popular desires for interplanetary exploration has brought a resurgence of paternalistic and colonizing tropes critiqued decades ago by feminist scholars. For example, Carolyn Merchant (1980Merchant ( , 1995Merchant ( , 2006 and Donna Haraway (1989) demonstrated the specific patriarchal and power-laden features of frontier desires and the gendered and racialized assumptions within scientific writings about discovering nature's secrets on and beyond earth. According to Haraway (1989, 136-137):…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nonscalability and generating digital outer space natures inNo Man’s Sky

Tait

Nelson

2021

Environment and Planning E: Nature and Space

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This article examines the generation of digital outer space natures in the space exploration game, No Man’s Sky. Using procedural generation, No Man’s Sky offers nearly infinite planets, flora, and fauna on the fly. With the rapid development of gaming technology and tools, game developers and others are attempting to diversify the representation of various forms of nature in gaming content and to expand the use of games in behavioral change, education, conservation, and other fields. Many scholars argue that games offer promising ways for various publics to understand their place and their interconnectedness with microbes, ecosystems, planet Earth, and beyond. We examine how No Man’s Sky struggled to coproduce digital outer space natures at the two scalar extremes of the vast expanse of outer space and of the embodied player relating within complex biomes. Our results from an in-depth, qualitative analysis of the initial version of the game, of player world-building experiences in No Man’s Sky, and of subsequent developer modifications to the game demonstrate that nonscalability theory is useful for studying what digital outer space natures do in games. We also argue that nonscalability theory would benefit from a more robust engagement with the digital. No Man’s Sky was initially scalable to such an extreme that it made players into objects without an origin story, broader purpose or way to build meaningful relations in the game. For a brief period, this game undermined players’ interplanetary colonial imaginaries. Subsequent updates to the game introduced a limited scope of nonscalability, but only to the extent of satisfying gamers’ desires to become more impactful agents of exploration. We see great potential for analyzing the role of innovations in computing and game design in linking multiscalar digital, outer, and earth spaces, which as other scholars have shown, bear significantly on our understanding of multiple worlds and natures.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonscalability and generating digital outer space natures inNo Man’s Sky

Tait

Nelson

2021

Environment and Planning E: Nature and Space

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“…W jaki sposób możemy pogłębić wiedzę na temat ludzkich relacji ze zwierzętami w mieście? Najbardziej pouczające są poglądy wyrażone w szerszej dyskusji w teorii naturokultury, która pozwala właściwie umiejscowić badania behawioralne 34 . Coraz bardziej koncepcja naturokultury zbiega się z przekonaniem, iż zachodni dualizm natury i kultury -wariant bardziej fundamentalnego podziału na przedmiot i podmiot -jest sztuczny i głęboko destrukcyjny wobec różnorodnych form życia na Ziemi.…”

Section: Porachunki Z Bestią -Relacje Ludzi Z Miejskimi Zwierzętamiunclassified

„Zoöpolis”

Wolch¹,

Barcz²

2023

pkult

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Bez uznania, że miasto jest także środowiskiem i częścią dzikiego świata, do którego należą wilk i łoś, nie przetrwa przyroda, o której większość z nas myśli, że jest tym, co naturalne, a nasze własne przetrwanie na tej planecie stanie pod znakiem zapytania 1 . WstępUrbanizacja na Zachodzie była historycznie ufundowana na pojęciu postępu związanego z podbojem i eksploatacją natury przez kulturę. Moralny kompas budowniczych miasta wskazywał na cnoty rozumu, postępu i bogactwa, pozostawiając dzikie lądy i stworzenia, jak również ludzi uznawanych za "dzikich" -lub wręcz za "dzikusów" -poza przyjętymi kryteriami. Także dzisiaj logika kapitalistycznej urbanizacji pomija życie pozaludzkich zwierząt, oprócz dochodowego bydła prowadzonego na rzeź po linii "demontażu" czy zwierzęcych towarów używanych w celu podtrzymania cyklu kumulacji zysków 2 . Rozwój można spowolnić prawami, które chronią zagrożone gatunki, ale czy zobaczymy kiedyś zatrzymujące się buldożery, których kierowcy delikatnie przenoszą w bezpieczne miejsce króliki lub inne pojawiające się w miejskiej przestrzeni stworzenia, jak gady?

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“…by John Bowlby and Rene Spitz; Remele, 2018). Many did not believe the costs of his studies in terms of animal life were offset by the gains in scientific discovery (Stephens, 1986) and some simply called the studies out as sadistic (Haraway, 1989). Nonetheless, Harlow's papers are still highly cited and praised without mention of the subjects' poor welfare, the effects therefrom or ethical issues surrounding the experiments (see Gluck, 1997).…”

Section: Examples Of Past Problematic Scholarshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

Centring individual animals to improve research and citation practices

et al. 2022

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Modern behavioural scientists have come to acknowledge that individual animals may respond differently to the same stimuli and that the quality of welfare and lived experience can affect behavioural responses. However, much of the foundational research in behavioural science lacked awareness of the effect of both welfare and individuality on data, bringing their results into question. This oversight is rarely addressed when citing seminal works as their findings are considered crucial to our understanding of animal behaviour. The purpose of this review is threefold: First, we critique seminal papers in animal behaviour as a model for re-examining past experiments, attending to gaps in knowledge or concern about how welfare may have affected results. Second, we propose a means to cite research in a way that is transparent and conscious of the abovementioned problems. Third, we propose a method of transparent reporting for future behaviour research that 1) improves replicability, 2) accounts for individuality of nonhuman participants, and 3) considers the impact of the animals' welfare on the validity of the science.With this combined approach, we aim to both improve the conversation surrounding behaviour scholarship while also serving to drive open engagement in future science.

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Primate Visions: Gender, Race, and Nature in the World of Modern Science

Cited by 46 publications

References 0 publications

Nonscalability and generating digital outer space natures inNo Man’s Sky

Nonscalability and generating digital outer space natures inNo Man’s Sky

„Zoöpolis”

Centring individual animals to improve research and citation practices

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