Primary yolk sac tumor of the endometrium

Endometrial carcinoma with yolk sac tumor-like differentiation and elevated serum ß-hCG: a case report and literature review

“…In the previously published literature, cases with pure yolk sac tumors are younger (age range 27–49 years, mean 32.7 years) than those with mixed tumors (age range 59–65 years, mean 62 years). In the seven patients with pure yolk sac tumors, five3–5,8,9 presented no metastasis (or not described) and no evidence of disease at last follow-up more than one year (6 year at most) after diagnosis. Among these five, two cases8,9 had a unilateral ovary or bilateral ovaries retained after surgery because they were young women, indicating a more favorable prognosis.…”

“…In the seven patients with pure yolk sac tumors, five3–5,8,9 presented no metastasis (or not described) and no evidence of disease at last follow-up more than one year (6 year at most) after diagnosis. Among these five, two cases8,9 had a unilateral ovary or bilateral ovaries retained after surgery because they were young women, indicating a more favorable prognosis. In contrast with these cases, those with endometrial neoplasms with yolk sac tumor-like differentiation were all postmenopausal women, and presented with early metastasis to the liver, diaphragm, or abdominal lymph nodes.…”

“…To our knowledge, only nine cases have been reported in the literature (Table 1),1–9 among which seven cases are pure yolk sac tumors and only two cases6,7 are in coexistence with endometrial carcinoma. All the patients presented with a medical history of abnormal vaginal bleeding and elevated serum alfa-fetoprotein levels before or immediately after surgery.…”

“…Primary yolk sac tumors of the endometrium are extremely rare; to our knowledge, only nine cases have been reported in the literature,1–9 among which only two cases are in coexistence with endometrial carcinomas. Endometrial carcinomas with trophoblastic differentiation are also very rare, with only 17 cases in the literature 10–24.…”

Primary Endometrial Yolk Sac Tumor With Endodermal-Intestinal Differentiation Masquerading as Metastatic Colorectal Adenocarcinoma

“…In the ovary, YSTs occasionally occur in older individuals in association with somatic tumors, most commonly, but not exclusively, endometrioid carcinomas; this may occur secondary to so-called ''neometaplasia'' or result from an origin from malignant pluripotent somatic stem cells (3)(4)(5). There have been 11 previously reported cases of primary endometrial YST, 4 of which were associated with a coexistent somatic neoplasm (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16). We report an unusual case of a primary endometrial YST exhibiting florid endodermal-intestinal differentiation mimicking a metastatic colorectal tumor in a patient with a history of colorectal adenocarcinoma.…”