Primary versus post-treatment apical periodontitis: microbial composition, lipopolysaccharides and lipoteichoic acid levels, signs and symptoms

Machado, Felipe P; Khoury, Rayana Duarte; Toia, Cássia Cestari; Orozco, Esteban Isaí Flores; Oliveira, Felipe Eduardo de; Oliveira, Luciane Dias de; Cardoso, Flávia Goulart da Rosa; Valera, Márcia Carneiro

doi:10.1007/s00784-019-03191-6

Cited by 25 publications

(33 citation statements)

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“…The checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization method was used for the evaluation of the microbial profile in ID and RCs. This molecular technique has previously been successfully used to assess bacterial content at both sites (Rôc ßas et al 2015, Aveiro et al 2020, Louzada et al 2020, Machado et al 2020 and it allows Figure 2 Prevalence of different microbial species in infected dentine and in root canals at different phases of root canal treatment by using checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization in teeth with irreversible pulpitis. the assessment of up to 40 bacterial species concomitantly (Socransky et al 1994, Vianna et al 2008, Aveiro et al 2020, Louzada et al 2020 instead of using a single target-bacteria comparison.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have evaluated the microbiota of dentinal caries (Aas et al 2008, Rôc ßas et al 2015, Zheng et al 2019. Others have investigated the infectious content from root canals in various clinical situations (Martinho et al 2014, Barbosa-Ribeiro et al 2016, Duque et al 2019, Aveiro et al 2020, Louzada et al 2020, Machado et al 2020. However, few studies have evaluated the effects of root canal procedures on the infectious content in teeth with irreversible pulpitis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation of microbial profile, levels of endotoxin and lipoteichoic acid in teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis: a clinical study

et al. 2020

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of microbial profile, levels of endotoxin and lipoteichoic acid in teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis: a clinical study

et al. 2020

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“…LPS levels in each sample was assessed as in Machado et al . (2020) using kinetic chromogenic limulus amebocyte lysate assay (Lonza, Walkersville, MD, USA).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lastly, the plates were washed, and the reaction was developed using tetramethylbenzidine (TMB). After 20 min under the light, 50 μL of stop solution (2 N sulfuric acid) was added to each well of the plate and optical densities were read in the microtiter plate reader (BioTek Instruments, Inc., Winooski, VT, USA) at 450 nm absorbance ( Machado et al ., 2020 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Enterococcus faecalis is a Gram-positive bacterium found in the root canal system (RCS) and can be disinfected by NaOCl ( Siqueira et al ., 2000 ). It may also be found in secondary infections of endodontically treated teeth ( Machado et al ., 2020 ). In addition, Escherichia coli, a Gram-negative bacterium, is also found in endodontic infections ( Narayanan & Vaishnavi, 2010 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of sodium hypochlorite solution and gel with/without passive ultrasonic irrigation on Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli and their endotoxins

et al. 2020

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Background: Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) is the most commonly used irrigant in endodontics. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of NaOCl solution (2.5%) and gel (3%) with/without passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) on Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, and their endotoxins, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and lipoteichoic acid (LTA). Methods: 40 human lower premolars were contaminated with E. coli (ATCC 25922) for 28 days and E. faecalis (ATCC 29212) for 21 days. Specimens were randomly divided into four groups: (1) 2.5% NaOCl irrigating the canals without PUI activation; (2) 2.5% NaOCl with PUI; (3) 3% NaOCl gel irrigating the canals without PUI; and (4) 3% NaOCl gel with PUI. 40 mL of irrigant was used for each group. PUI activation was carried out using E1-Irrisonic stainless-steel tip at 10% frequency. After treatment, all specimens were filled with 3mL of 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) for 3min and then washed with nonpyrogenic saline solution. Three samples were collected from the canals: S1, at baseline to confirm biofilm formation; S2 after treatment; and S3 after EDTA. Samples were assessed for E. coli and E. faecalis colony forming units, and LPS and LTA were assessed using chromogenic kinetic LAL assay and ELISA, respectively. Data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis, Friedmann and Dunn tests with α≤0.05. Results: All groups were effective in reducing the microbial load of E. coli and E. faecalis after treatment without a significant difference among the groups. NaOCl and NaOCl gel groups had no significant difference in reducing LPS and LTA. Statistically increased reduction was seen for NaOCL + PUI and NaOCl gel + PUI compared for groups without PUI. Conclusions: NaOCl gel has the same antimicrobial action of NaOCl solution and can partially detoxify endotoxins. PUI improves NaOCl (gel or solution) action over E. faecalis and E. coli and their endotoxins.

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Oxygen Self‐Supplied Nanoplatform for Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy against Enterococcus Faecalis within Root Canals

Chen,

Zhang,

Zhao

et al. 2024

Adv Healthcare Materials

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The successful treatment of persistent and recurrent endodontic infections hinges upon the eradication of residual microorganisms within the root canal system, which urgently needs novel drugs to deliver potent yet gentle antimicrobial effects. Antibacterial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is a promising tool for root canal infection management. Nevertheless, the hypoxic microenvironment within the root canal system significantly limits the efficacy of this treatment. Herein, a nanohybrid drug, Ce6/CaO2/ZIF‐8@PEI, is developed using a bottom‐up strategy to self‐supply oxygen for enhanced aPDT. Polyethylenimine (PEI) provides a positively charged surface, which enables precise targeting of bacteria. CaO2 reacts with H2O to generate O2, which alleviates the hypoxia in the root canal and serves as a substrate for Ce6 under 660 nm laser irradiation, leading to the successful eradication of planktonic Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) and biofilm in vitro and, moreover, the effective elimination of mature E. faecalis biofilm in situ within the root canal system. This smart design offers a viable alternative for mitigating hypoxia within the root canal system to overcome the restricted efficacy of photosensitizers, providing an exciting prospect for the clinical management of persistent endodontic infection.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

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Primary versus post-treatment apical periodontitis: microbial composition, lipopolysaccharides and lipoteichoic acid levels, signs and symptoms

Cited by 25 publications

References 43 publications

Investigation of microbial profile, levels of endotoxin and lipoteichoic acid in teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis: a clinical study

Investigation of microbial profile, levels of endotoxin and lipoteichoic acid in teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis: a clinical study

Effect of sodium hypochlorite solution and gel with/without passive ultrasonic irrigation on Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli and their endotoxins

Oxygen Self‐Supplied Nanoplatform for Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy against Enterococcus Faecalis within Root Canals

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