Primary tissue culture of human adult adrenocortical cells. Methodology and electron microscopic observations on ACTH-deprived and ACTH-treated cortical cells

Armato, Ubaldo; Nussdorfer, Gastone G.; Andreis, P. G.; Mazzochi, G; Draghi, E.

doi:10.1007/bf00221351

Cited by 25 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…These functional changes are accompanied by a morphological transformation of ZG cells into ZF-like cells (Manuelidis & Mulrow 1973, Hornsby et al 1974, Muller 1978, Crivello & Gill 1983, Pudney et al 1984. In particular, mitochondria changed from an elongated shape with lamellar and tubular cristae to a homogeneous population of round or ovoid mitochondria with ovoid cristae, as in ZF cells (Armato et al 1974, Riondel et al 1987) (Vinson 2003, Corander & Coll 2011, Hattangady et al 2012, Gallo-Payet & Battista 2014). …”

Section: Acute Effect Of Acth On Aldosterone Secretion and Consequencmentioning

confidence: 98%

60 YEARS OF POMC: Adrenal and extra-adrenal functions of ACTH

Gallo‐Payet

2016

Journal of Molecular Endocrinology

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The pituitary adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) plays a pivotal role in homeostasis and stress response and is thus the major component of the hypothalamo–pituitary–adrenal axis. After a brief summary of ACTH production from proopiomelanocortin (POMC) and on ACTH receptor properties, the first part of the review covers the role of ACTH in steroidogenesis and steroid secretion. We highlight the mechanisms explaining the differential acute vs chronic effects of ACTH on aldosterone and glucocorticoid secretion. The second part summarizes the effects of ACTH on adrenal growth, addressing its role as either a mitogenic or a differentiating factor. We then review the mechanisms involved in steroid secretion, from the classical Cyclic adenosine monophosphate second messenger system to various signaling cascades. We also consider how the interaction between the extracellular matrix and the cytoskeleton may trigger activation of signaling platforms potentially stimulating or repressing the steroidogenic potency of ACTH. Finally, we consider the extra-adrenal actions of ACTH, in particular its role in differentiation in a variety of cell types, in addition to its known lipolytic effects on adipocytes. In each section, we endeavor to correlate basic mechanisms of ACTH function with the pathological consequences of ACTH signaling deficiency and of overproduction of ACTH.

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Section: Acute Effect Of Acth On Aldosterone Secretion and Consequencmentioning

confidence: 98%

60 YEARS OF POMC: Adrenal and extra-adrenal functions of ACTH

Gallo‐Payet

2016

Journal of Molecular Endocrinology

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“…'The hCG-provoked rise in the volume of mitochondrial compartment is coupled with a significant increase in the surface area of the inner membrane of these organelles, which is at least partly due to the transformation of tubular cristae into tubular-vesicular ones. It is to be noted that the vesicular configuration is the morphologic arrangement allowing the greatest concentration of membrane surface in the smallest volume of mitochondrial matrix (Kahri 1966;Armato et al 1974). It is to be noted that the vesicular configuration is the morphologic arrangement allowing the greatest concentration of membrane surface in the smallest volume of mitochondrial matrix (Kahri 1966;Armato et al 1974).…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Human Chorionic Gonadotropins on the Interstitial Cells of the Rat Testis: A Morphometric and Radioimmunological Study

et al. 1980

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The effects of human chorionic gonadotropins (hCG) on the rat testicular interstitial cells (Leydig cells) were investigated by stereologic and radio-immunological methods. Short-term (2 h's) hCG-administration induced only lipid depletion in the Leydig cells. Chronic hCG-treatment provoked a significant cell hypertrophy, which was mainly due to smooth endoplasmic reticulum proliferation; the surface area of mitochondrial cristae, and the volume of the lipid and peroxisome compartments were also significantly increased. These morphologic findings are discussed in the light of radioimmunological data, showing that chronic hCG-administration increased the steroidogenic capacity (testosterone output) of the Leydig cells.

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“…It is conceivable that all these de novo synthesized RNA species coordinately encode a number of structural enzymatic proteins of smooth endoplasmic reticulum and inner mitochondrial membranes (3), which would support the steroidogenic activity (18). However, our findings on protein synthesis are difficult to interpret at present, in view of the fact that the simultaneous development of differentiation and, later, hypertrophy are not prevented (3). Since ACTH can enhance the transport of exogenous amino acids into adrenocortical cells (9), one might conjecture that a similar action would enlarge the free leucine pool of human cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…In a previous work we reported the differentiative and hypertrophic struc tural effects of ACTH i-24 on normal human adrenocortical cells set into pri-1 1 Part of this work was read at the Annual Meeting of the European Tissue Culture Society, Genoa, 1974. mary cultures (3). It seemed, therefore, of interest to investigate by radioautographic means the concomitant metabolic changes elicited by the hormone.2…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary Tissue Culture of Normal Adult Human Decapsulated Adrenal Cortex: Radioautographic Studies on the Metabolic Effects of ACTH<sub>1-2</sub><sub>4</sub>

Armato¹,

Andreis²,

Draghi³

et al. 1975

Horm Res

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ACTH-deprived primary normal adult human adrenocortical cells on the 23rd day in vitro were found to lack any DNA synthetic and proliferative activity, but incorporated uridine-³H and l-leucine-³H actively. In cortical cells of the same age treated for 2 and 7 days with ACTH_1-24 (3 X 10^-6M) the incorporation of the precursors for RNA and DNA synthesis and the cell proliferation were found to be markedly stimulated. The apparent uptake of leucine-³H was instead reduced in 2-day and, less still, in 7-day treated cells. In parallel with ultrastructural studies, these data suggest that ACTH orderly activates the template activity of chromatin while eliciting the differentiation and hypertrophy of human adrenocortical cells.

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Primary tissue culture of human adult adrenocortical cells. Methodology and electron microscopic observations on ACTH-deprived and ACTH-treated cortical cells

Cited by 25 publications

References 50 publications

60 YEARS OF POMC: Adrenal and extra-adrenal functions of ACTH

60 YEARS OF POMC: Adrenal and extra-adrenal functions of ACTH

Effects of Human Chorionic Gonadotropins on the Interstitial Cells of the Rat Testis: A Morphometric and Radioimmunological Study

Primary Tissue Culture of Normal Adult Human Decapsulated Adrenal Cortex: Radioautographic Studies on the Metabolic Effects of ACTH<sub>1-2</sub><sub>4</sub>

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