Primary testicular neuroendocrine tumor with azoospermia: Extending indications for testicle-sparing surgery

Munshi, Sameer; Saada, Hesham; Mujtaba, Shafaq; Elkoushy, Mohamed A.

doi:10.1016/j.eucr.2019.01.005

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 4 publications

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“…Neuroendocrine tumors are composed of a series of malignant tumors arising from neuroendocrine cells throughout the body, which are often referred to as carcinoid tumors and are characterized by the ability to produce peptides that lead to typical hormonal syndromes[ 1 ]. Neuroendocrine tumors occur mainly in the gastrointestinal tract (85%), ileum, and appendix, as well as in other sites, including the lung, pancreas, biliary tract, thymus, ovaries, and, rarely, the testis[ 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary testicular neuroendocrine tumor with liver lymph node metastasis: A case report and review of the literature

Xiao¹,

Luo²,

Guo³

et al. 2022

World J Clin Cases

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BACKGROUND Primary testicular neuroendocrine tumors (TNETs) are sporadic, accounting for only 0.23% of all testicular tumors. Few cases have been reported in the literature, and no uniform treatment protocol exists. We report a case of a primary TNET with liver lymph node metastasis diagnosed at the age of 24 years and discuss its clinicopathological features, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. CASE SUMMARY We report the case of a 24-year-old patient with a primary TNET with liver lymph node metastasis. The patient was found to have a right testicular swelling of about 3 cm × 4 cm in size with unclear borders and no testicular pressure pain seven years ago without any examination or treatment. One month ago, an ultrasound examination was performed for persistent enlargement of the right testis, which showed an occupying lesion of the right testis approximately 110 mm × 102 mm × 82 mm in size. Magnetic resonance imaging scan of the testis (plain scan) showed that the right testis was an occupying lesion with inhomogeneous density and mixed signal, the boundary was still clear, and the possibility of seminoma was considered; chest X-ray and computed tomography did not show any apparent abnormalities. The patient underwent radical orchiectomy, and the pathological examination suggested a right TNET with a typical carcinoid tumor histological type. One month after the surgery, the patient received nine cycles of lanreotide chemotherapy at a dose of 90 mg/mo without adverse effects. No distant lymph node or other organ metastases were detected at follow-up. He is in good physical condition and attends regular follow-up visits. CONCLUSION Neuroendocrine tumors are rare in clinical practice, and the diagnosis mainly relies on the characteristics of microscopic tumor cells and immunohistochemical features. Treatment involves radical orchiectomy. If it is accompanied by distant lymph node metastasis and the metastatic lesion can be resected, it should be surgically removed; if it cannot be resected, growth inhibitor analog octreotide or lanreotide chemotherapy can be administered to obtain good results, with close postoperative follow-up to prevent recurrence and metastasis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary testicular neuroendocrine tumor with liver lymph node metastasis: A case report and review of the literature

Xiao¹,

Luo²,

Guo³

et al. 2022

World J Clin Cases

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Primary Neuroendocrine Tumor of the Scrotum: An Uncommon Site for a Rare Tumor

Akhtar

Vyas

Kumar

et al. 2021

Journal of Investigative Medicine High Impact Case Reports

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Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are a heterogeneous group of tumors developing from neural crest cells, with numerous sites of origin, commonly the gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts. NETs of the genitourinary tract are more common in women. Small cell carcinoma of the prostate or testicular carcinoid are the NETs in male. In this article, we present a rare case of NET of the scrotum. Our patient was a 47-year-old male with a history of complicated pilonidal cysts resulting in chronic scrotal wounds. Biopsy of a large nonhealing scrotal wound revealed a high-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma with features most suggestive of small cell carcinoma. Presenting with advanced disease at diagnosis, he was started on systemic therapy and unfortunately progressed through multiple lines of treatment, including CAPTEM (capecitabine and temozolomide). Unfortunately, due to multiple logistical reasons, the patient was unable to receive the then off-label immunotherapy based on DART (Dual Anti-CTLA-4 and Anti-PD-1 Blockade in Rare Tumors) trial. He, unfortunately, succumbed to his disease within months of diagnosis.

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Primary testicular neuroendocrine tumor with azoospermia: Extending indications for testicle-sparing surgery

Cited by 2 publications

References 4 publications

Primary testicular neuroendocrine tumor with liver lymph node metastasis: A case report and review of the literature

Primary testicular neuroendocrine tumor with liver lymph node metastasis: A case report and review of the literature

Primary Neuroendocrine Tumor of the Scrotum: An Uncommon Site for a Rare Tumor

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