Primary Teeth Stains and Discoloration: A Review

Abstract

The current review assesses the literature concerning the etiology of primary teeth staining and discoloration. The appearance of the dentition is of concern to many children and their caregivers seeking dental treatment as the color of the teeth is of aesthetic importance. The correct diagnosis of the cause of the discoloration is important as, invariably, it has a profound effect on treatment outcomes. It would seem reasonable, therefore, that dental practitioners understand the etiology of tooth discoloration to make a diagnosis and enable appropriate treatment to be conducted. Knowledge of the etiology of tooth staining is of importance to the dental practitioner to explain the patient the exact nature of the condition. In some instances, the mechanism of staining affects the outcome of the treatment and influences the options the dentist will be able to offer. Many of these contributing factors are preventable if parents are educated, managed by professional interventions, or provide a multidisciplinary approach. In this review, we highlight the importance of children smiles and the difference between primary and permanent teeth. We discuss the different types of primary teeth staining and discoloration and whether it is intrinsic or extrinsic, as well as the different impacts of some conditions on primary teeth compared with permanent teeth.

Çocuklarda Dış Kaynaklı Siyah Diş Renklenmeleri ve Tedavileri

“…Dişlerdeki renk değişikliği, leke konumuna bağlı olarak içsel ve dışsal olarak sınıflandırılır. 5 Süt dişi renklenmeleri Tablo1'de sınıflandırılmıştır. 4…”

“…4 Süt ve daimi dişlerde renklenmenin farklı etiyolojik sebeplerinin iyi anlaşılması, daha iyi yönetim yaklaşımlarıyla çocuk haklarının karşılanmasına ve yaşam kalitesinin iyileştirilmesine yol açacaktır. 5…”

Diş Renklenmeleri ve Güncel Tedavileri

“…Dişlerin dış kaynaklı renklenmesi, mesleki olarak metalik tuzlara ve metal tuzları içeren bir takım ilaçlara maruz kalma ile ilişkili olabilir (Jenan Ehsan Alali et al, 2020). Demir takviyesi kullanan kişilerde ve demir dökümhane işçilerinde dişlerin karakteristik olarak siyah boyanması net bir şeklide dökümante edilmiştir (Alazmah A., 2021). Bakır, bakır tuzları içeren ağız (Waerhag M, Gjermo P, Rolla G, & Johansen J R., 1984) ve endüstriyel koşullarda metalle temas halinde olan işçilerde yeşil bir lekelenmeye neden olur (Ardu S, Stavridakis M, & Krejci I., 2007).…”

Impact of school for future parents and first preventive examination in the first year of life on oral habits

“…Vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy is associated with more caries in the primary dentition [11]; hence, maternal malnutrition influences the incidence of ECC [12]. Tooth formation during pregnancy is the critical period for tetracycline staining due to tetracycline intake during pregnancy [13]. It has been proposed that exposure to dioxins may lead to an elevated risk of molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) [14].…”