Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the kidney parenchyma with ascending colon invasion: A case report and literature review

Abstract

Introduction Primary squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the kidney parenchyma is extremely rare, with only seven cases reported to date. Herein, we present a case of primary with colon invasion. Presentation of case A 61-year-old man presented right flank pain for 5 months. Computed tomography (CT) showed multiple renal stones and a necrotic mass in the lower pole of the right kidney, which was suspicious for ascending colon invasion. There was no history of radiation or occupational exposure to chemicals. Radical nephrectomy, right hemicolectomy, and lymph node dissection were performed. The kidneys showed a solid mass with multiple renal stones. The tumor comprised nests of atypical squamous cells and keratin pearls; however, the renal pelvis was normal. 18-Fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/CT failed to demonstrate other primary site. Therefore, the patient was diagnosed as primary SCC of the kidney. The patient did not receive adjuvant therapy and was alive during follow-up for 6 months after surgery. Discussion SCC of the urinary tract is considered to be the result of squamous metaplasia of the urothelium, which may potentially progress to SCC. Squamous metaplasia may be caused by chronic irritation. However, the mechanism of SCC remains unclear. Although the prognosis of SCC is similar to that of urothelial carcinoma when compared stage for stage, SCC tends to be diagnosed at a more advanced stage. Conclusion This is a rare case of kidney SCC with adjacent organ invasion. Additional studies are required to further our understanding of this rare tumor and improve diagnosis and treatment.

Primary Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Renal Pelvis: A Case Report Series

“…The clinical presentation of the patient is often nonspecific. Patients usually present with insidious onset dull atypical flank pain and hematuria with occasional febrile episodes [ 2 , 5 ] as was seen in our cases. Imaging modalities including USG and CECT/18-Fluoro-deoxyglucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography often show features suggestive of hydronephrosis with mass lesions involving pelvicalyces with extension into the renal parenchyma.…”

“…SCC of the kidney constitutes 0.5%-0.8% of malignant renal tumors and 4% of upper urinary system tumors [ 1 ]. Usually occurring in fifth to seventh decade, they are believed to arise from the undifferentiated stem cells of the renal origin [ 2 ]. Although the exact pathogenesis of SCC arising natively in the kidney is unknown, few studies postulate its origin from squamous metaplasia of the urothelium.…”

“…Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the kidney arising in the renal pelvis is unique and exceptional in its own way owing to the fact that it accounts for only <0.5%-0.8% of the reported malignant renal tumors [1]. It is often seen associated with long-standing cases of nephrolithiasis with recurrent retrograde infection and chronic inflammation of the pelvicalyceal lining [1][2][3]. These tumors are often found extending into the adjoining the renal parenchyma, ureter, and hilar fat.…”

Primary squamous cell carcinoma of renal parenchyma: A case report and literature review

“…Primary renal parenchyma SCC is extremely rare. So far, only nine cases including this case have been reported ( 2 – 4 , 6 – 10 ) Table 1 . The mechanism of the disease is not clear.…”