Primary renal carcinoid tumors: clinicopathologic features of 9 cases with emphasis on novel immunohistochemical findings

Jeung, Jennifer A.; Cao, Dengfeng; Selli, Belinda W.; Clapp, William L.; Oliai, Bahram R.; Parwani, Anil V.; Allan, Robert W.

doi:10.1016/j.humpath.2010.12.019

Cited by 41 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Immunohistochemistry plays an important role in the diagnosis of NET, which exhibit positive reactivity to synaptophysin, cytokeratin, and NSE. The presence of these neuroendocrine markers, along with absence of renal transcription factors such as PAX-2 and PAX-8 (15) and absence of loss of heterozygosity on chromosome 3p21, 16 have been advocated as molecular and morphological features unique to neuroendocrine carcinoid tumors, but these tests were not performed in our patients. Similarly, expression of NSE was noted more consistently than expression of chromogranin in small cell carcinomas of the urinary tract.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Kidney: A Single Institution Experience

Teegavarapu

Rao

Matrana

et al. 2014

Clinical Genitourinary Cancer

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Background Renal neuroendocrine tumors (NET), comprising carcinoid tumors and small cell carcinomas, are a rare group of neoplasms. The rarity of these tumors poses a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Our purpose was to characterize the cases treated at a tertiary cancer center and to evaluate patients' outcomes with the available treatment modalities. Methods This is a retrospective study of patients with renal NET seen at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center between January 1, 2001, and January 1, 2011. Patient and tumor data were analyzed by descriptive statistical methods. Results Three cases of carcinoid tumors and six cases of small cell carcinoma were identified. The median age at diagnosis was 53 years for patients with carcinoid and 65 years for patients with small cell carcinoma. The most common presenting symptoms were back pain, flank pain, and hematuria. The morphological appearance of the tumor cells and their immunohistochemical reactivity for neuroendocrine markers and cytokeratin helped establish the diagnosis. Nephrectomy was the mainstay of treatment for carcinoid tumors, yielding good long-term results, even in the presence of metastases. Surgery and chemotherapy were utilized for small cell carcinoma of the kidney. The median overall survival for patients with small cell carcinoma of the kidney was 17.3 months. Conclusion Renal carcinoid tumors are indolent and are associated with prolonged survival, while small cell carcinomas of the kidney are aggressive tumors with relatively short overall survival. Although palliative in nature, cytotoxic chemotherapy is the mainstay of therapy and is best given before surgery.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Kidney: A Single Institution Experience

Teegavarapu

Rao

Matrana

et al. 2014

Clinical Genitourinary Cancer

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“…Immunohistochemical staining is useful in confirming the diagnosis, since these tumours are positive for chromogranin, synaptophysin, cytokeratins and other markers 6. Negative staining for PAX-2 and PAX-8 antigens distinguishes carcinoid from RCC and suggests a non-nephrogenic origin 11. Although RCT is less aggressive than RCC, 50–60% of cases had metastasis on initial evaluation 12.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary renal carcinoid tumour with lung metastasis misdiagnosed as renal cell carcinoma

Daboul¹,

Monga

Bunker

2016

BMJ Case Reports

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SUMMARYA 58-year-old man with a history of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) diagnosed 10 years prior, status post right nephrectomy, presented for evaluation of pulmonary nodules. A year after the nephrectomy, he had undergone cutaneous metastasectomy in the right flank area, and a further 2 years later he had had his second cutaneous metastasectomy in the right chest wall. Both cutaneous pathologies had, at the time, shown metastatic neoplasm with histological features compatible with those of the previous renal tumour. He was treated with sorafenib. 3 years later he developed asymptomatic pulmonary nodules, which gradually doubled in size over the next 2.5 years. He underwent bronchoscopy and left lower lobe biopsy. Pathology revealed a metastatic renal carcinoid/neuroendocrine tumour. Second review of the previous renal neoplasm and the cutaneous metastatic pathology showed trabecular architecture, consistent with carcinoid, but mimicking the long parallel arrays that have been described in some cases of papillary RCC. BACKGROUND

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“…Negative staining of PAX-2 and PAX-8 of the renal neuroendocrine cells suggests a nonnephrogenic origin and helps distinguish carcinoid from RCC. [4] Although RCT is less aggressive than RCC, 50% of cases are metastasized on initial evaluation. The largest case series consisting of 21 patients reported local and distant metastasis to liver, lymph nodes and one case of pulmonary involvement.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%