Primary pulmonary infection caused by 20% acid fast Nocardia brasiliensis

Rawat, Vinita; Umesh, -; Thapliyal, Naveen; Punera, DC

doi:10.4103/0255-0857.90200

Cited by 3 publications

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“…A PubMed/MEDLINE search of literature tracked a total of eight adult Indian patients with a diagnosis of pulmonary nocardiosis by N brasiliensis [Table 1]. [6789101112] Age and sex distribution (mean age 51.66 years; median age 45 years; male preponderance); underlying conditions (common being chronic lung disease and chronic steroid use); clinico-radiological features; and mortality (more with acute presentation and cotrimoxazole resistant cases) are similar to overall pulmonary nocardiosis cases. The involvement of the lung is usually thought to occur after transcutaneous inoculation by N brasiliensis ; however, in the reviewed cases, only two out of nine had primary cutaneous nocardiosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary pulmonary nocardiosis by Nocardia brasiliensis: A case report and review of Indian literature

Pannu

2019

J Family Med Prim Care

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Infection by Nocardia brasiliensis is usually localized to the skin but can rarely spread to the lung, brain, or multiple sites particularly in the immunocompromised hosts. Moreover, primary systemic involvement without cutaneous disease is an extremely rare case. In the current study, we present a case of primary pulmonary nocardiosis caused by a multi-drug resistant N brasiliensis along with a review of the cases reported from India.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary pulmonary nocardiosis by Nocardia brasiliensis: A case report and review of Indian literature

Pannu

2019

J Family Med Prim Care

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Efficacy of Acid-Fast Staining, Real-Time Fluorescent PCR, and Immunohistochemical Staining in Diagnosing Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Sun,

Yu,

Chen

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic utility of acid-fast staining, real-time fluorescent PCR, and immunohistochemical staining in identifying pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods: Acid fast staining, real-time fluorescence PCR, and immunohistochemical staining were performed on lung tissue samples from 69 tuberculosis patients and 67 non tuberculosis patients to detect Ag85B, ESAT-6, and CFP10.The detection efficiency of each method was compared. Results: Acid-fast staining and real-time fluorescent PCR demonstrated sensitivities of 26.09%,49.28%, both with a specificity of 100%. The sensitivities for Ag85B, ESAT-6,CFP10 were 62.32%, 78.26%,69.57%,while their specificities were 86.57%, 85.07%, 91.04%. The AUC was highest for ESAT-6 (AUC=0.817). Joint antigen analysis revealed that simultaneous positivity for two or three of Ag85B, ESAT-6, CFP10 increased specificity (95.52% to 100%) but decreased sensitivity (49.28% to 62.31%). The presence of any one of the three antigens elevated sensitivity (81.16% to 88.41%) but lowered specificity (68.66% to 77.61%). Specificity reached 100% for concurrent positivity of all three antigens, while a sensitivity of 88.41% was observed for positivity of any one antigen. Conclusion: 1. Real-time fluorescent PCR exhibits higher sensitivity compared to acid-fast staining, though both methods have very high specificity. 2. Immunohistochemical staining for Ag85B, ESAT-6, and CFP10 in lung tissue shows higher sensitivity than real-time fluorescent PCR and provides valuable diagnostic support, particularly in cases where acid-fast staining and PCR are negative. 3. Combined antigen testing enhances the diagnostic accuracy for pulmonary tuberculosis, with simultaneous positivity of all three antigens being crucial for confirming tuberculosis, while their collective negativity is significant in ruling out the disease.

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Isolation Identification and Patterns of Anti-Tuberculosis Drug Resistance From Tertiary Care Hospital Udaipur (Rajasthan)

Agnihotri¹,

Yadav

2022

Global Journal for Research Analysis

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Objective: Resistance against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) is important in the sense that it has an implication in the control of tuberculosis. The terms used to describe resistance to antituberculosis drugs are resistance among new cases (or primary resistance) and resistance among previously treated patients. The resistance among previously treated patients may be due to faulty treatment like prescription of inadequate treatment regimens, interrupted availability or poor quality of drugs, or incomplete treatment adherence while subsequent transmission of these resistant organisms to others will lead to development of disease which is resistant from the beginning called primary resistance. Pakistan is ranked eighth in terms of global estimated burden of tuberculosis cases. Multi-Drug Resistant (MDR) tuberculosis among new cases and MDR among previously treated patients is 3.2% and 35% respectively. Material and methods: - AFB smear examination and grading: - AFB smear examination was carried out by direct microscopy using the Ziehl Neelsen (ZN) method. Sputum smear result was examined and interpreted according to the AFB grading. AFB culture and drug susceptibility test: - Culture examinations were done on all diagnostic specimens of AFB smear positivity. Sputum specimens from each patient were processed with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) method-Modied Petroff 's procedure and cultured on Lowenstein-Jensen (LJ) slopes.10 All inoculated LJ drug and control media were incubated at 37ºC. All cultures were examined 48-72 hours after inoculation to detect gross contaminants. Thereafter, cultures were examined weekly, up to eight weeks on a specied day of the week. Typical colonies of M. tuberculosis were rough, crumbly, waxy, non-pigmented (buff coloured) and slow-growers, i.e., only appeared two to three weeks after inoculation. The colony was conrmed by ZN staining. Detection time for MOTT was 25 days. M. tuberculosis positive strains were culture negative when they grew on p-nitro benzoate (PNB) containing medium. Only a few colonies of non-tuberculosis Mycobacteria (NTM – often pigmented, with smooth morphology or PNB positive) were grown as visible colonies on PNB containing medium. Anti-TB drug susceptibility testing: - anti-susceptibility testing perform on pre-formed LJ media with antitubercular drugs Tuberculosis First Line Kit (Total 7 slants) Containing ve antitubercular agent (Isoniazid, Streptomycin, Ethambutol, Rifampicin and Pyrazinamide) 2 controls without any antimicrobial agent. Results: out of 119 samples antitubercular testing against rst line antitubercular drugs such as Pyrazinamide were shows 12 (10.08%) sample were resistance which accounts maximum resistance among rst line antitubercular another rst line antitubercular drugs shows resistance as follows Streptomycin (9.24%), Ethambutol (8.40%), Isoniazid (7.56%), Rifampicin (6.72%), drugs out of 119 samples in which 107 samples were susceptible to the Pyrazinamide drug in in-vitro antitubercular susceptibility testing. Antitubercular resistance against second line antitubercular drugs were shows as follows out of 119 samples antitubercular testing Ethionamide were shows 9 (8.18%) sample were resistance which accounts maximum resistance among second line antitubercular another second line antitubercular drugs shows resistance as follows Clarithromycin (6.72%), Ciprooxacin (5.88%), D- Cycloserine (5.88%), Amikacin (5.04%), Kanamycin (4.20%), P- aminosalicylic acid ( 4.20%) and Rifabutin (3.36%) drugs out of 119 samples in which 107 samples were susceptible to the Pyrazinamide drug in in-vitro antitubercular susceptibility testing. MDR-TB emerged in patients who were resistant to Rifampicin and Isoniazide was 6 in number during this study.

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Primary pulmonary infection caused by 20% acid fast Nocardia brasiliensis

Abstract: Figure 1: Acid fast branching bacteria Access this article online Quick Response Code: Website: www.ijmm.org PMID:

Cited by 3 publications

References 3 publications

Primary pulmonary nocardiosis by Nocardia brasiliensis: A case report and review of Indian literature

Primary pulmonary nocardiosis by Nocardia brasiliensis: A case report and review of Indian literature

Efficacy of Acid-Fast Staining, Real-Time Fluorescent PCR, and Immunohistochemical Staining in Diagnosing Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Isolation Identification and Patterns of Anti-Tuberculosis Drug Resistance From Tertiary Care Hospital Udaipur (Rajasthan)

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