Primary pulmonary epithelioid angiosarcoma with thyroid tumor history: A case report and literature review

Abstract

Primary pulmonary epithelioid angiosarcoma is a rare tumor type without any specific clinical and imaging features. Therefore, it is associated with high rates of misdiagnosis. The present study reports the case of a 54-year-old female patient who was admitted after complaining of cough, expectoration and bloody sputum for >5 months in May 2021. The patient reported a previous history of papillary thyroid carcinoma in 2003 and had undergone treatment through surgery, postoperative chemotherapy and iodine 131 therapy. Chest computed tomography (CT) was performed in May 2021, which indicated that the disease had progressed rapidly since February 2021. CT-guided lung biopsy and immunohistochemical staining of the tumor indicated positivity for CD31, CD34 and E26 transformation-specific-related gene markers. The tumor was negative for thyroid cancer-associated antibodies; thus, a diagnosis of primary pulmonary epithelioid angiosarcoma was made. The patient died 3 months after the diagnosis. Primary pulmonary epithelioid angiosarcoma is a rare tumor type with high recurrence and metastasis rates. This tumor has no specific clinical symptoms and signs and is thus easily misdiagnosed. Biopsy is essential for diagnosis of the disease, particularly if patients have a tumor history.

Primary Pleural Epithelioid Angiosarcoma with Lung and Bone Metastases: A Case Report

“…Angiosarcoma is a rare but fatal neoplasm that mainly occurs in the skin and soft tissue and can affect the digestive tract, breast, bone, kidney, spleen, lung, and other internal organs [ 1 ]. Primary pleural EAS is uncommon, and no more than 30 cases have been reported [ 2 ]. It is characterized by easy recurrence, rapid development, and poor prognosis.…”

“…endothelial differentiation, respectively, and Ki-67 is positively correlated with the degree of the tumor [9]. Based on the relevant literature, we made a summary as follows [2,[10][11][12]: (1) angiosarcoma that is presented with more severe symptoms is more prone to distant metastasis; (2) angiosarcoma cells are more atypical; (3) chromosomal shift t(1; 3) (p36. q25) leads to the formation of the WWTRl-CAMTAI fusion gene, which can be used as a molecular diagnostic tool for the diagnosis of angiosarcoma.…”