Primary production of protein: II. Algal protein metabolism and its relation to particulate organic matter composition in the surface mixed layer

Lohrenz, Steven E.; Taylor, CD; Howes, BL

doi:10.3354/meps040175

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Percentages of productivity directed to the synthesis of other organic compounds such as free amino acids (25%, inshore and offshore waters of Gokasho Bay, Hama et al 1987) or particulate protein amino acids (5 to 15%, Salt Pond, Lohrenz et al 1987) are higher than the annual averaged 3% of PP t invested for DMSP synthesis in the present study. Proteins and free amino acids are the second most abundant group of molecules synthesized by algae after carbohydrates (Hama 2000).…”

Section: Dmsp Role In Phytoplankton C and S Pools And Fluxescontrasting

confidence: 43%

Annual DMSP contribution to S and C fluxes through phytoplankton and bacterioplankton in a NW Mediterranean coastal site

Simó

Vila‐Costa²,

Alonso‐Sáez³

et al. 2009

Aquat. Microb. Ecol.

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The contribution of dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) to the fluxes of carbon and sulfur through phytoplankton and bacterioplankton was investigated throughout an annual cycle in the Blanes Bay Microbial Observatory (coastal NW Mediterranean). DMSP accounted for 0.3 to 7% of biovolume-estimated phytoplankton carbon and 4 to 93% of calculated phytoplankton sulfur, with higher contributions in 'summer' (highly irradiated, oligotrophic waters, May to September) and lower in 'winter' (October to April). DMSP biosynthesis rates accounted for 0.8 to 7% of carbon fixation and 11 to 88% of sulfur assimilation through primary production, with slightly higher shares in summer. Upon release from the algal cells, DMSP supplied 0.5 to 6% of the total carbon demand of heterotrophic bacteria, and 3 to 100% of the sulfur demand over the year. Uncertainties associated with these calculations are due to a scarce knowledge of C:S ratios in marine bacteria. Bacterial DMSP-sulfur assimilation (measured with 35 S-DMSP) was positively correlated with bacterial heterotrophic production rates (measured with 3 H-leucine). In summer waters, characterized by higher ratios of particulate DMSP to chlorophyll a (DMSP p :chl a), DMSP-sulfur assimilation by bacteria was higher and contributed a larger share of the bacterial sulfur demand. We propose that the DMSP:chl a ratio is a good indicator of the relative role of DMSP in the carbon and sulfur fluxes through the first levels of the planktonic food web.

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Section: Dmsp Role In Phytoplankton C and S Pools And Fluxescontrasting

confidence: 43%

Annual DMSP contribution to S and C fluxes through phytoplankton and bacterioplankton in a NW Mediterranean coastal site

Simó

Vila‐Costa²,

Alonso‐Sáez³

et al. 2009

Aquat. Microb. Ecol.

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“…The uptake rates for SP I and 2 were obtained by dividing putrescine concentrations by label turnover time at the 3 times sampled and then averaging the 3 profiles. reported by Lohrenz et al (1987) for 1983. During the cool, rainy period in late August and early September before the hurricane, primary production decreased dramatically.…”

Section: Seasonal Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal cycling of putrescine and amino acids in relation to biological production in a stratified coastal salt pond

Lee

Jørgensen²

1995

Biogeochemistry

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Abstract. Seasonal cycles of concentrations and microbial uptake of dissolved free amino acids and the polyamine, putrescine, were followed during summer stratification of a coastal salt pond. Stratification began in May and was clearly seen in profiles of temperature, salinity, pH and alkalinity. Primary production exhibited a mid-August maximum and the 0 2 -H 2 S interface shoaled at that time. POC and phytopigments roughly followed the pattern of primary production. Cycling of putresince, like the amino acids, was strongly influenced by primary production and microbial decomposition. Putrescine concentration profiles appeared to follow the pattern of primary production more closely, while amino acids appeared to follow the pattern of microbial production. The absence of production of putrescine during the decomposition of dissolved omithine and the correlation of putrescine concentration with primary production suggest a direct source from algae in the water column.Microbial uptake of amino acids and putrescine together accounted for 60-90% of the bacterial C production measured in oxic waters and almost 300% of that measured in the anoxic bottom layer. Since other organic carbon and nitrogen compounds are also being taken up, these data suggest that tracer uptake methods as we used them may overestimate the true microbial uptake rates, or release of other organic compounds by microbes occurs at the same time. Further work on carbon and nitrogen budgets is needed to resolve the apparent imbalance between organic C and N incorporation and bacterial production.

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“…The basic water column chemistry of Salt Pond is similar to that of larger enclosed marine systems, such as the Pettaquamscutt Estuary, R.I. (38), the Black Sea (36), and Framvaren Fjord, Norway (61). It has been used for previous studies on chemical cycling (26,28,53,59) and is both accessible and easy to sample. The rapid changes in water column chemistry with the onset, persistence, and breakdown of water column stratification offered the opportunity to examine MB populations in relation to iron, sulfide, and oxygen levels.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal Distribution of Marine Magnetotactic Bacteria in a Seasonally Stratified Coastal Salt Pond

Simmons

Sievert²,

Frankel

et al. 2004

Appl Environ Microbiol

183

219

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The occurrence and distribution of magnetotactic bacteria (MB) were studied as a function of the physical and chemical conditions in meromictic Salt Pond, Falmouth, Mass., throughout summer 2002. Three dominant MB morphotypes were observed to occur within the chemocline. Small microaerophilic magnetite-producing cocci were present at the top of the chemocline, while a greigite-producing packet-forming bacterium occurred at the base of the chemocline. The distributions of these groups displayed sharp changes in abundance over small length scales within the water column as well as strong seasonal fluctuations in population abundance. We identified a novel, greigite-producing rod in the sulfidic hypolimnion that was present in relatively constant abundance over the course of the season. This rod is the first MB that appears to belong to the ␥-Proteobacteria, which may suggest an iron-rather than sulfur-based respiratory metabolism. Its distribution and phylogenetic identity suggest that an alternative model for the ecological and physiological role of magnetotaxis is needed for greigite-producing MB.Magnetotactic bacteria (MB) are motile gram-negative bacteria whose directional swimming behavior is affected by the Earth's geomagnetic and external magnetic fields. They contain highly ordered intracellular chains of magnetic iron minerals, either magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ), greigite (Fe 3 S 4 ) (33), or in one case, both (7). Magnetite MB (MMB) are found in both freshwater and marine environments, while greigite MB (GMB) appear to be unique to marine systems. Both MMB and GMB are present in salt marsh sediments, stratified salt ponds, estuarine basins in the Eastern coastal United States (5-7, 32, 33, 51), coastal marshes along the California coast (E. F. DeLong, personal communication), and other similar habitats worldwide, as well as deep-sea sediments (43). This widespread distribution of marine MB suggests that they are globally more abundant than freshwater MB.All known MB share the following characteristics: motility by means of flagella, negative tactic responses to atmospheric concentrations of oxygen, optimal growth under microaerophilic or anaerobic conditions, and a respiratory metabolism (51). MB are typically found at or below the oxycline in sediments and water columns and can reach significant population densities: the freshwater MMB "Magnetotacticum bavaricum" (proposed name) can reach 7 ϫ 10 5 cells per cm 3 at the oxycline in freshwater sediments (48). Many, if not most, groups of MB that have been observed in the environment have not been grown in pure culture in the laboratory. Fewer than 10 strains are available in pure culture, and most of those are magnetiteproducing ␣-Proteobacteria of the genus Magnetospirillum from freshwater environments. A few strains of marine MMB are available in culture (3,45,51). These strains are all microaerophiles when growing on O 2 , and some can grow anaerobically on N 2 O (3). All are capable of oxidizing but not reducing inorganic sulfur compounds, with the exceptio...

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Primary production of protein: II. Algal protein metabolism and its relation to particulate organic matter composition in the surface mixed layer

Cited by 12 publications

References 22 publications

Annual DMSP contribution to S and C fluxes through phytoplankton and bacterioplankton in a NW Mediterranean coastal site

Annual DMSP contribution to S and C fluxes through phytoplankton and bacterioplankton in a NW Mediterranean coastal site

Seasonal cycling of putrescine and amino acids in relation to biological production in a stratified coastal salt pond

Spatiotemporal Distribution of Marine Magnetotactic Bacteria in a Seasonally Stratified Coastal Salt Pond

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