Primary migration theory of petroleum and its application to petroleum exploration

Aoyagi, Koichi; Asakawa, Tadashi

doi:10.1016/0146-6380(80)90018-2

Cited by 20 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The 'well' mudline and temperature gradient estimates used here are well within present day experience [15]. A paleo-geothermal-gradient of .05 C/m was assigned to the Akita 'well', and to Maracaibo back-arc well, on the basis of necessary thermal maturity [5]. In Northeast Oklahoma nearby sedimentary rock mineralization and granite outcrop suggest a higher paleo-geothermal-gradient, perhaps .06 C/m as assigned, Table 1.…”

Section: Discussion and Datasupporting

confidence: 66%

“…Temperatures were not available for any wells. Paleo mudline temperature estimates are made on the basis of paleoenvironments [5], paleolatitude, and geologic age, Table 2. Mudline temperatures of 3 C are assigned to wells from abyssal plains.…”

Section: Discussion and Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Equation 7 means porosity itself must be constant in the LHS as well. This can be checked by transforming the experimental porosities in 'well' porosity-depth plots, as indicated, and shown here for six examples [5] [6] [7] [8] [9]. The examples are referred to here as 'wells' although they often combine porosities from several local wells.…”

Section: Kinetic Equation and Experimental Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Shale Compaction Kinetics

Smith¹,

Smith-Rowland²

2020

Preprint

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The grain-to-grain stress vertically in sediments is given by the overburden less the pore fluid pressure, σ, divided by the fraction of the horizontal area which is the supporting matrix , (1 − φ), where φ is the porosity. It is proposed that the fractional reduction of this ratio, Λ, with time is given by the product of φ 4m/3 , (1 − φ) 4n/3 , and one or more Arrhenius functions A exp(−E/RT ) with m and n close to 1. This proposal is tested for shale sections in six wells from around the world for which porosity-depth data are available. Good agreement is obtained above 30-40 C and porosities less than 0.5. Single activation energies for each well are obtained in the range 15-33 kJ/mole, close to pressure solution of quartz, 24 kJ/mol. Values of m and n are in the range 1 to 0.8, indicating nearly fractal pore-matrix spaces and water-wet interfaces. Results are independent of over- or under-pressure of pore water. This model explains shale compaction quantitatively. Given porosity-depth data and accurate activation energy, E, one can infer paleo-geothermal-gradient and from that organic maturity, thus avoiding unnecessary drilling.

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Section: Discussion and Datasupporting

confidence: 66%

Section: Discussion and Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Kinetic Equation and Experimental Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Shale Compaction Kinetics

Smith¹,

Smith-Rowland²

2020

Preprint

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“…Besides smectite, other hydrous minerals found in petroleum basins (especially in the circum-Pacific province) also would lose their chemically-bound water at great depths (Fyfe, 1973;and Aoyagi and Asakawa, 1980), especially between 275°-4000c. Such phases include the zeolites (clinoptilolite, analcite, heulandite, laumontite, and analcime), hydrated silica phases (opal, volcanic glass, chert or amorphous silica), iron or aluminium oxides, and other clay minerals.…”

Section: Water Availabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary Petroleum Migration by Molecular Solution: Consideration of New Data

Price

1981

Journal of Petroleum Geology

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Previous criticisms of primary petroleum migration by molecular solution have been:(1) the large compositional and molecular weight diffrences between hydrocarbons most readily dissolved in water and those found in crude oils, and (2) previously-measured aqueous petroleum solubilities were not high enough to account for petroleum deposits using reasonable geologic assumptions. New crude oil aqueous solubility data remove both of these criticisms. Above 27S°C, with both increasing gas content and temperature, the solute hydrocarbons become compositionally more und more similar to, and eventually exactly match, the starting material. Mass balance calculations, using experimentally-measured crude oil solubilities, show that between 27-p and 3750 C, under realistic geologic assumptions, crude oil aqueous solubility is high enough to account forpetroleum deposits. These new data also show that molecular solution is not a viable agent of primary petroleum migration below 27S0 C.Although the new data remove these two criticisms, three others are immediately raised: (1) there is inadequate water in sediments at temperatures between 2750 to 37S0 C for migration by molecular solution, (2) sediment hydrocarbons will be thermally destroyed by these temperatures, and (3) these high temperatures are not present in most petroleum basins. Consideration of existing data suggests these criticisms can be satisfactorily answered. It is therefore concluded that a deep-hot origin ofpetroleum andits migration by solution could fall within the restraints of the natural system. It is possible much or most of the world's oil has undergone primary migration by molecular solution; however two other mechanisms may also be viable: gaseous solution, and in the case of extremely rich source rocks, some form 0.f a bulk phase migration. 232 284 336 388 441 4 9 1 543 595 648 700 752 0 464

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“…The transformation of minerals in argillaceous sediments during diagenesis is mainly due to changes in physical factors such as overburden pressure, temperature, and chemical factors such as /?H, Eh, and composition of fluids. Therefore, petrological study of mineral assemblages in sediments is very important to consideration of primary migration of petroleum hydrocarbons from source rocks (Powers, 1967;Burst, 1969;Perry and Hower, 1972;and Aoyagi and Asakawa, 1978), and also essential to analysis of origin of pores in reservoirs (Aoyagi, 1973;and others).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sedimentary Mineralogy of Argillaceous Sediments from Deep Sea Drilling Project Holes 436, 438A, and 439, Japan Trench

Aoyagi¹,

Kazama²

1980

Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project

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Mineral assemblages of DSDP Holes 436 and 438A and the upper section of Hole 439 (871.5-911.0 m sub-bottom) resemble each other and are composed of montmorillonite (probably a small portion of montmorillonite/illite mixed-layer clays), illite, chlorite, kaolinite, quartz, plagioclase, hornblende, calcite, dolomite, siderite, gypsum, pyrite, and halite. In the middle section of Hole 439 (933.5-1041.0 m), clinoptilolite is also found. In the lower section of Hole 439 (1077.5-1150.0 m), montmorillonite is not confirmed, and clinoptilolite and mixed-layer illite are found. These assemblages, which also contain detrital kaolinite, are generally found in sediments from brackish-water environments. At Site 439, more than 1000 meters of sediment might have been removed by erosion at the base.

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Primary migration theory of petroleum and its application to petroleum exploration

Cited by 20 publications

References 14 publications

Shale Compaction Kinetics

Shale Compaction Kinetics

Primary Petroleum Migration by Molecular Solution: Consideration of New Data

Sedimentary Mineralogy of Argillaceous Sediments from Deep Sea Drilling Project Holes 436, 438A, and 439, Japan Trench

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