Primary methods for the measurement of electrolytic conductivity

Brinkmann, Freek N C; Dam, N.E.; Deák, Eva; Durbiano, Francesca; Ferrara, E.; Fükö, Judit; Jensen, Hans D.; Máriássy, Michal; Shreiner, Rubina H.; Spitzer, Petra; Sudmeier, Uwe; Surdu, M. N.; Vyskočil, L

doi:10.1007/s00769-003-0645-5

Cited by 60 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…3). Unfortunately, as pointed out, the related uncertainty using present-day state-of-the-art primary conductivity measurement procedures (Brinkmann et al, 2003) is, with respect to short time scales, about a factor 5 larger than that of the results presently used for the ocean observation system (Seitz et al, 2010). One way out of this practical dilemma is through the measurement of a different seawater quantity that is traceable to SI measurement standards and subject to smaller measurement uncertainties that are tolerable.…”

Section: Alternative Si Traceability Of Practical Salinity Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is because the solution electrode interaction in the measuring cell causes the measured conductance to deviate from the actual solution conductance. Only if the cell constant is calibrated using an SI traceable conductivity standard of assigned conductivity κ ref (Brinkmann et al, 2003), which is not current practice, can the absolute conductivity of a solution be calculated from the measured conductance. If two measurement results are individually not traceable to the SI, then their ratio is not traceable to the SI either.…”

Section: Traceability Of Practical Salinity Measurement Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Note that such a procedure can nevertheless consist of measurements of other quantities, which are used to calculate the quantity value of the primary standard and which, of course, have to be traceable likewise to their primary measurement standards. For example, the conductivity value of a primary conductivity standard is calculated from temperature, resistance and length measurements, which are traceable to the corresponding primary temperature, resistance and length standards (Brinkmann et al, 2003). Moreover, the unit of a measured quantity value also expresses its metrological traceability to the corresponding primary standard of that kind of quantity.…”

Section: Metrological Traceabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metrological traceability of oceanographic salinity measurement results

et al. 2011

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Abstract. Consistency of observed oceanographic salinity data is discussed with respect to contemporary metrological concepts. The claimed small uncertainty of salinity measurement results traceable to the conductivity ratio of a certified IAPSO Standard Seawater reference is not metrologically justified if results are compared on climatic time scales. This applies in particular to Practical Salinity S P , Reference Salinity S R , and the latest estimates of Absolute Salinity using the TEOS-10 formalism. On climate time scales an additional contribution to the uncertainty that is related to unknown property changes of the reference material must be accounted for. Moreover, when any of these measured or calculated quantity values is used to estimate Absolute Salinity of a seawater sample under investigation, another uncertainty contribution is required to quantify the accuracy of the equations relating the actually measured quantity to the Absolute Salinity. Without accounting for these additional uncertainties, such results cannot be used to estimate Absolute Salinity with respect to the International System of Units (SI), i.e. to the unit chosen for the mass fraction of dissolved material in the sample, which is "g kg −1 ". From a metrological point of view, such deficiencies in the calculations involving other quantities will produce SI-incompatible results. We outline how these problems can be overcome by linking salinity to primary SI measurement standards.

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Section: Alternative Si Traceability Of Practical Salinity Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Traceability Of Practical Salinity Measurement Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Metrological Traceabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metrological traceability of oceanographic salinity measurement results

et al. 2011

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“…Robinson and Stokes in the classical book "Electrolyte Solutions" [75] and later Hoover [12], in 1970s, examined the applicability of a set of fitting equations with combinations of powers in frequency to best reproduce experimental data. These procedures have been the basis of the experimental technique used for precision conductivity measurements, including the method of choice for the IUPAC recommended values for KCl molality based standard reference solutions and the method employed at most national metrology institutes [8].…”

Section: Empirical Models Based On Experimental Extrapolationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nowadays, the conductivity value of the reference solution is determined using a primary reference measurement procedure, typically performed at a National Metrology Institute. In such a measurement procedure, K cell is determined from geometric measurements of a conductivity measuring cell that has a specific design [8]. Additionally, the resistance of the primary reference solution is deduced from measured impedance spectra.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traceability of electrolytic conductivity measurements to the International System of Units in the sub mSm−1 region and review of models of electrolytic conductivity cells

Seitz

Manzin

Jensen

et al. 2010

Electrochimica Acta

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Metrology in Medicine

Macdonald

Mieke

2010

Digital Encyclopedia of Applied Physics

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Physical, chemical, and biological measurements are important essentials in medical diagnosis for the prevention and treatment of disease as well as for risk assessment and monitoring of patients. Hence, measurement results that are relevant to medical diagnosis must be accurate, reliable, and comparable between different places and over time to ensure optimum patient care as well as the most efficient use of available health care funds. To ensure that medical measurement results are of known quality and to improve their accuracy and reliability, standards, reference methods, certified reference materials, and calibrations are needed. In this article, the peculiarities of medical measurements are discussed and problems encountered in fulfilling the above‐mentioned requirements are pointed out.

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Primary methods for the measurement of electrolytic conductivity

Cited by 60 publications

References 10 publications

Metrological traceability of oceanographic salinity measurement results

Metrological traceability of oceanographic salinity measurement results

Traceability of electrolytic conductivity measurements to the International System of Units in the sub mSm−1 region and review of models of electrolytic conductivity cells

Metrology in Medicine

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