Primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus treated by endoscopic submucosal dissection: A case report

Wang, Mei; Chen, Jianping; Sun, Kai; Zhuang, Yun; Fang, Xu; Xu, Bin; Zhang, Hongyu; Li, Qing; Zhang, Dachuan

doi:10.3892/etm.2016.3482

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…Immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 antibodies, provide survival benefits for patients with advanced malignant melanoma. [34][35][36] A review of the literature revealed that only three patients with PMME have received immune checkpoint inhibitors, two have received ipilimumab therapy, 37,38 and one patient has received nivolumab. 21 In the present study, the patient who was PMME is a considerably aggressive tumor with poor prognosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinicopathological characteristics, staging classification, and survival outcomes of primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus

Sun

Gong

Zhao

et al. 2017

Journal of Surgical Oncology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinicopathological characteristics, staging classification, and survival outcomes of primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus

Sun

Gong

Zhao

et al. 2017

Journal of Surgical Oncology

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“…Endoscopic resection for early‐stage PMME has not been well established. However, as described in previous reports, EGD plays an important role in the early detection of PMME …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…However, as described in previous reports, EGD plays an important role in the early detection of PMME. 7 About 90% of PMME is located in the middle or lower third of the esophagus, 8 and the typical endoscopic finding is a pigmented polypoid tumor that is rarely accompanied with ulcers. It also has various colors depending on the melanin quantity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endoscopic findings in a patient with primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus: A case report

Chu

Peng

Chang

et al. 2019

Adv in Digestive Medicine

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Primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus (PMME) is a rare tumor with poor prognosis, rapid progression, and early metastasis. It often occurs in the middle to lower part of the esophagus. Endoscopic findings reveal various colors ranging from white, brown, and purple to black, and the lesions could be ulcerative, superficial, or protruding polypoid. Only a few reports about endoscopic findings of PMME are available in the literature. Here, we describe a case of a 77‐year‐old man who suffered from epigastric pain and acid regurgitation for 2 weeks. Endoscopic findings revealed an ulcerative lesion with purple‐black pigmentation in the lower part of the esophagus. Endoscopic biopsy was performed. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining showed a subepithelial nodule with melanocytosis and a high nuclear‐cytoplasmic (N/C) ratio and macronucleoli. Immunohistochemical staining revealed positive results for S‐100, HMB‐45, and melan‐A. Based on these pathologic and immunohistochemical examinations, the patient was diagnosed with PMME. However, the patient initially hesitated to undergo surgical intervention until he developed dysphagia 2 years later. We also present a series of endoscopic images of PMME of this patient in this paper.

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“…Therefore, compared to EMR, ESD could more effectively treat early-stage AMM. Indeed, ESD was applied to a few cases of esophageal malignant melanomas, and long-term survival was achieved in these cases[13,14]. However, to our knowledge, this is the first case of ESD for AMM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endoscopic submucosal dissection as excisional biopsy for anorectal malignant melanoma: A case report

Manabe

Boku²,

Takeda

et al. 2019

WJCC

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BACKGROUND Anorectal malignant melanoma (AMM) is a rare disorder with an extremely poor prognosis. Although there is currently no consensus on the treatment methods for AMM, surgical procedures have been the most common treatment methods used until now. We recently encountered a case of AMM that we diagnosed using endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). To our knowledge, this is the first case of ESD for AMM, suggesting that ESD can potentially be a diagnostic and treatment method for AMM. CASE SUMMARY A 77-year-old woman visited our hospital with a chief complaint of anal bleeding and a palpable rectal mass. Colonoscopy revealed a 20-mm protruded lesion in the lower rectum. After obtaining biopsy specimens from the lesion, although a malignant rectal tumor was suspected, a definitive diagnosis was not made. Endoscopic ultrasonography revealed tumor invasion into the submucosal layer but not the muscular layer. Therefore, we performed an excisional biopsy using ESD. Immunohistochemical examination of the ESD-resected specimen revealed tumor cells positive for Human Melanin Black-45, Melan-A, and S-100. Moreover, the tumor cells lacked melanin pigment; thus, a diagnosis of amelanotic AMM was made. Although the AMM had massively invaded the submucosal layer and both lymphatic and venous invasion were present, we closely monitored the patient without any additional therapy on the basis of her request. Six months after ESD, local recurrence was detected, and the patient consented to wide local excision. CONCLUSION It is suggested that ESD is a potential diagnostic and treatment method for AMM.

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Primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus treated by endoscopic submucosal dissection: A case report

Cited by 11 publications

References 19 publications

Clinicopathological characteristics, staging classification, and survival outcomes of primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus

Clinicopathological characteristics, staging classification, and survival outcomes of primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus

Endoscopic findings in a patient with primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus: A case report

Endoscopic submucosal dissection as excisional biopsy for anorectal malignant melanoma: A case report

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