Primary jejunal malignant melanoma first noticed because of the presence of parotid lymph node metastasis

Iijima, Shigeruko; Oka, Kuniyuki; Sasaki, Masataka; Tateishi, Yumie; Saito, Hidetoshi; Sandoh, Norimasa; Nihei, Takeshi; Kawano, Hideyuki; Kawasaki, Tomoaki; Hakozaki, Hando; Mori, Naoyoshi

doi:10.1067/s0190-9622(03)00421-3

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The vast majority of these cases are cutaneous melanomas. In the remaining cases, ocular melanomas are the most common type, followed by the melanomas in leptomeninges, oral cavity, nasal mucosa, pharynx, esophagus, bronchus, and vaginal or anorectal mucosa [14]. Overall, only 20% of these non-cutaneous melanomas originate in the mucosa, accounting for 3-4% of all melanomas that are diagnosed annually [2].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenesis, diagnosis and management of primary melanoma of the colon

et al. 2011

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BackgroundMelanomas within the alimentary tract are usually metastatic in origin. On the other hand, primary melanomas of the gastrointestinal tract are relatively uncommon. There are several published reports of melanomas occurring in the esophagus, stomach, small bowel, and anorectum. The occurrence of primary melanoma of the colon has, however, only been rarely reported. The optimum modus operandi for the management of primary colonic melanoma remains nebulous due to the limited number of reports in literature.MethodsA comprehensive search of Medline, Cochrane and Highwire was performed using the following keywords: 'melanoma', 'malignant melanoma', 'primary melanoma', 'colon', 'gastrointestinal tract', 'alimentary tract', 'digestive tract', and 'large bowel'. All patients with primary melanoma localized to the colon were included in the review. Patients with metastatic melanomas to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and primary melanomas localized to the GI tract in anatomic locations other than colon were excluded.ResultsThere have been only 12 reported cases of primary melanoma of the colon to date. The average age of patients on presentation was 60.4 years without any significant gender predilection. Right colon (33%) and cecum (33%) were the most common sites for the occurrence of primary colonic melanoma while abdominal pain (58%) and weight loss (50%) were the most common presenting complaints. Colonoscopy is the most reliable diagnostic investigation and offers the additional advantage of obtaining tissue for diagnosis. S-100 and HMB-45 are highly sensitive and specific for the diagnosis of this malignancy. For primary colonic melanomas that have not metastasized to any distant parts of the body, surgical resection with wide margins appears to be the treatment of choice. Although the management was individualized in every case, most of the authors preferred traditional hemicolectomy as the favored surgical approach. Chemotherapeutic agents including interferons, cytokines, biological agents and radiation therapy for brain metastases have been reported as adjuvant and palliative options while considering malignant melanomas in general. The average recurrence-free interval was 2.59 years. Nine of the 12 reports documented follow-up in their patients. Two of these 9 (22.2%) patients died.ConclusionsPrimary melanoma of the colon is a rare clinical entity. Whenever a seemingly primary melanoma is detected in an atypical location such as the colon, it is prudent to conduct a thorough clinical investigation to consider the possibility of metastatic disease. Further studies are needed to document the long term follow-up, survival advantage and safety of the management approaches employed in patients with primary colonic melanoma. Based on current data, surgical resection appears to be appropriate management for primary colonic melanomas; unless the disease has metastasized to distant sites where surgery may have a limited palliative role.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenesis, diagnosis and management of primary melanoma of the colon

et al. 2011

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“…Twenty four different cases of primary malignant melanoma have been reported in the literature (1,2,6,(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)46) according to the criteria proposed by Sacks et al but in some of these cases the follow-up is not according to these criteria for primary lesion. All the cases described in the literature show a wide range of patient's age with the highest prevalence above the age of 40 years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary small bowel melanoma. A case report and a review of the literature

Spiridakis¹

2015

GCHIR

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“…ninges, oral cavity, nasal mucosa, pharynx, esophagus, bronchus, and vaginal or anorectal mucosa (3). Malignant melanoma is the most common malignancy having the potential to metastasize to the GI tract (4).…”

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confidence: 99%