Primary intraocular lymphoma: a review

Vosganian, Gregory; Boisot, Saskia; Hartmann, Kathrin; Freeman, William R.; Sharpe, Robert W.; Tripuraneni, Prabhakar; Saven, Alan

doi:10.1007/s11060-011-0618-1

Cited by 16 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(105 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Conjunctival lymphoma developed in animals at a frequency that was 80% of the frequency for intraocular lymphomas (percentage of all lymphomas detected, 0.08% and 0.1%, respectively). This is similar to but lower than the reported [15][16][17][18] prevalence of PSOL in humans (approx 1%). The true prevalence of solitary conjunctival and intraocular lymphoma may have been lower than that determined in the present study because the selection criteria would not have excluded patients with unrecognized systemic involvement.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…18 Primary intraocular lymphoma comprises 0.3% to 1% of all extranodal non-Hodgkin' s lymphoma cases in humans, [16][17][18] and the predominant phenotype is B-cell lymphoma. 17,18 Ocular involvement precedes the development of CNS signs in 50% to 80% of humans, and most patients develop CNS disease within 2 years after diagnosis. 17 Humans with intraocular lymphoma often have chronic uveitis that is unresponsive to corticosteroid treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…17 Humans with intraocular lymphoma often have chronic uveitis that is unresponsive to corticosteroid treatment. 17,18 Therefore, in addition to obtaining intraocular tissue samples for cytologic evaluation, performance of MRI and evaluation of CSF samples are recommended for assessment of CNS involvement in such patients. 46 Metastasis to tissues outside of the CNS has been reported for only 6% of humans with primary intraocular lymphoma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11,14 Likewise, intraocular and primary conjunctival lymphomas each represent approximately 1% of non-Hodgkin' s lymphomas in humans. [15][16][17][18] Thus, it seems that PSOL (ie, ocular [intraocular or conjunctival] lymphoma without proven involvement in other anatomic locations) is rare in dogs, cats, and humans.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Presumed solitary intraocular or conjunctival lymphoma in dogs and cats: 9 cases (1985–2013)

Wiggans¹,

Skorupski²,

Reilly³

et al. 2014

javma

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective—To determine prevalence, reason for evaluation, treatment, and outcome for dogs and cats with presumed solitary ocular lymphoma (PSOL). Design—Retrospective case series. Animals—7 dogs and 2 cats with PSOL. Procedures—Medical records were reviewed. Progression-free survival time (PFST) and overall survival time (OST) were determined. Results—Animals with intraocular (4 dogs and 1 cat) or conjunctival (3 dogs and 1 cat) lymphoma represented 0.1% and 0.08% of patients with lymphoma evaluated at the hospital during the study period, respectively. Animals with intraocular lymphoma represented 0.19% of all patients with uveitis; animals with conjunctival lymphoma represented 0.16% of all patients with conjunctivitis. Tumors included B-cell (2 intraocular and 1 conjunctival), non–B-cell, non–T-cell (1 intraocular), and T-cell (3 conjunctival) neoplasms; immunophenotype of 2 uveal lymphomas was not determined. Treatments included enucleation (4 intraocular) and chemotherapy (3 intraocular and 2 conjunctival). All dogs with intraocular lymphoma developed neurologic signs. Lymph node metastasis was detected in 2 patients with conjunctival lymphoma. Median PFST and OST were 178 days for all animals with PSOL, dogs with PSOL, and animals with intraocular lymphoma. Median PFST and OST for animals with conjunctival lymphoma were 221 and 549 days, respectively. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results indicated PSOL was uncommon, but should be considered a differential diagnosis for animals with uveitis or conjunctivitis. Performance of MRI and cytologic analysis of CSF and regional lymph node aspirate samples may be beneficial for such patients. Prognosis seemed to be better for animals with conjunctival lymphoma than it was for those with intraocular lymphoma.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Presumed solitary intraocular or conjunctival lymphoma in dogs and cats: 9 cases (1985–2013)

Wiggans¹,

Skorupski²,

Reilly³

et al. 2014

javma

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Vosganian et al, report treating a 65 year old woman with IV methotrexate (4g/m 2 ) and IV rituximab (500mg/m 2 ) followed by a total of 36 Gy EBRT with complete remission for 16 months, at which point she progressed to PCNSL [72]. Turaka et al, report treating one patient with bilateral PIOL with IVT methotrexate (500 μg dose) and IVT rituximab (1 mg dose) who experienced complete remission [73].…”

Section: Rituximabmentioning

confidence: 99%

The evaluation and treatment of primary intraocular lymphoma

Hanson¹,

Alexandru²,

Bota³

2013

J Cancer Ther Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Primary intraocular lymphoma (PIOL) is a relatively rare form of Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma arising in the lymphoid tissues of the eye. It is highly correlated with primary CNS lymphoma (PCNSL) and it is estimated that up to 80% of patients presenting with PIOL will eventually manifest intracranial malignancy, which is the largest contributor to mortality. Most patients present with nonspecific visual symptoms, including floaters and blurry vision, and are often initially diagnosed with uveitis or retinitis. Definitive diagnosis requires biopsy of malignant tissues with demonstration of malignant lymphoid cells. Optimal therapy is to this point undefined, and the available literature is limited to case reports and retrospective series. Currently employed therapies include the use of localized external beam radiation therapy (EBRT), whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT), systemic chemotherapy, intrathecal chemotherapy, and, most recently, direct intravitreal (IVT) chemotherapy. While radiation therapy and chemotherapy can produce a high response rate, they have not been shown to effectively prevent relapse or the incidence of CNS spread. Methotrexate has been the most popular therapy used for the treatment of intraocular lymphoma. It has been administered systemically, intrathecally or intravitreally. However due to multiple mechanisms of resistance developed by lymphoma cells against methotrexate, this drug has been unable to prevent disease recurrence. The newest, and perhaps most promising, reported therapy includes the use of rituximab anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody either alone or in combination chemotherapy via intrathecal or IVT administration. Most cases in the literature employ combinations of available therapies, and there are no comparative studies of significant power to date. Multicenter collaboration will be required to determine the true relative efficacy and adversity of the therapeutic options available.

show abstract

Treatment Strategies in Primary Vitreoretinal Lymphoma

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

IMPORTANCE The best treatment option for primary vitreoretinal lymphoma (PVRL) without signs of central nervous system lymphoma (CNSL) involvement determined on magnetic resonance imaging or in cerebrospinal fluid is unknown. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the outcomes of treatment regimens used for PVRL in the prevention of subsequent CNSL. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A retrospective cohort study was conducted at 17 referral ophthalmologic centers in Europe. We reviewed clinical, laboratory, and imaging data on 78 patients with PVRL who did not have CNSL on presentation between January 1, 1991, and December 31, 2012, with a focus on the incidence of CNS manifestations during the follow-up period. INTERVENTIONS The term extensive treatment was used for various combinations of systemic and intrathecal chemotherapy, whole-brain radiotherapy, and peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. Therapy to prevent CNSL included ocular radiotherapy and/or ocular chemotherapy (group A, 31 patients), extensive systemic treatment (group B, 21 patients), and a combination of ocular and extensive treatment (group C, 23 patients); 3 patients did not receive treatment. A total of 40 patients received systemic chemotherapy. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Development of CNSL following the diagnosis of PVRL relative to the use or nonuse of systemic chemotherapy and other treatment regimens. RESULTS Overall, CNSL developed in 28 of 78 patients (36%) at a median follow-up of 49 months. Specifically, CNSL developed in 10 of 31 (32%) in group A, 9 of 21 (43%) in group B, and 9 of 23 (39%) in group C. The 5-year cumulative survival rate was lower in patients with CNSL (35% [95% CI, 50% to 86%]) than in patients without CNSL (68% [95% CI, 19% to 51%]; P = .003) and was similar among all treatment groups (P = .10). Adverse systemic effects occurred in 9 of 40 (23%) patients receiving systemic chemotherapy; the most common of these effects was acute renal failure. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In the present series of patients with isolated PVRL, the use of systemic chemotherapy was not proven to prevent CNSL and was associated with more severe adverse effects compared with local treatment.

show abstract

Primary intraocular lymphoma: a review

Cited by 16 publications

References 28 publications

Presumed solitary intraocular or conjunctival lymphoma in dogs and cats: 9 cases (1985–2013)

Presumed solitary intraocular or conjunctival lymphoma in dogs and cats: 9 cases (1985–2013)

The evaluation and treatment of primary intraocular lymphoma

Treatment Strategies in Primary Vitreoretinal Lymphoma

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About