Primary Infection of Insect Tracheae by Autographa californica M Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus

Kirkpatrick, Bruce A.; Washburn, Jan O.; Engelhard, Eric K.; Volkman, Loy E.

doi:10.1006/viro.1994.1472

Cited by 49 publications

(39 citation statements)

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“…Whereas Engelhard et al (1994), Kirkpatrick et al (1994), Gopinathan (2003, 2004) and Torquato et al (2006) report that the trachea is accountable for the dispersion of viral infection in the insect, others, such as Stoltz et al (1973), Granados and Lawler (1981), Washburn et al (1995), Barrett et al (1998) and Silveira et al (2004), attribute this function to the hemolymph. Otherwise Soares and Ribeiro (2005) hypothesize that both hemocytes and tracheal cells spread NPV-infection in Anticarsia gemmatalis larvae.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Cytopathological process by multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus in the testis of Bombyx mori L., 1758 (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae)

Pereira

Conte

Ribeiro

et al. 2008

Journal of Invertebrate Pathology

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Cytopathological process by multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus in the testis of Bombyx mori L., 1758 (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae)

Pereira

Conte

Ribeiro

et al. 2008

Journal of Invertebrate Pathology

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“…Firstly, while a protective line of defence inside the gut lumen is not ruled out, most of the virus-related defence reactions appear to take place after the virions are released from infected gut cells (Federici, 1993). According to one model, virions may spread through the larval body in extracellular matrix space provided by trachea and other tissues attached to the gut (Kirkpatrick et al, 1994). In immune-competent larvae virions are trapped by the immune system and prevented from spreading Washburn et al, 1999Washburn et al, , 2000.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Tolerance to Bacillus thuringiensis endotoxin in immune-suppressed larvae of the flour moth Ephestia kuehniella

Rahman

Roberts

Schmidt

2007

Journal of Invertebrate Pathology

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“…The trachea is responsible for aeration, and a series of studies have demonstrat spread of infection by baculovirus, including the BmNPV in the insect body (BRANC 2009;KIRKPATRICK et al, 1994;PEREIRA et al, 2008;RAHMAN;GOPINATHAN, 200 et al, 2006). The epidermal cells of the tracheal epithelium are organized morphologically of common lymphatic system, which acts as a virus-crossing canal, thus permitting the ra the pathogen to organic systems.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mulberry leaves treated with bordeaux mixture protect silkworm caterpillars against fungal and viral diseases

et al. 2016

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The bordeaux mixture is used as a natural agricultural fungicide, and its application in sericulture can benefit the production of silkworm cocoons, Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae). The aim of this study was to verify whether the bordeaux mixture exerts a protective effect in B. mori against fungal and viral diseases. This experiment was performed during two seasons, autumn and spring, in which 7,500 caterpillars were used at the beginning of the third instar and divided into five groups, with three repetitions of 500 individuals each. In the three groups, the caterpillars were fed leaves of Mulberry (Morus spp.) that were enriched with an aqueous bordeaux mixture solution at concentrations of 5, 10 and 20%. One group was fed exclusively mulberry leaves (control), and another was fed leaves that were moistened with water. Fungal contamination was evaluated in the integumentary surface of the insect and the mulberry leaves in the bed of creation by checking the number of colony-forming units (CFU). In the analysis of viral contamination, 20 caterpillars from each group at the beginning of the fifth instar were inoculated with 10 µl of a suspension of Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV). Daily, from the second to the ninth day after inoculation (dai), two caterpillars of each group were anesthetized and formalin-fixed 7% for microscopic processing and viral cytopathology analysis. A completely randomized design was used, and the CFU were compared by Tukey test with 5% significance. The results showed a decrease of 55.1% in CFU present on the mulberry leaves in the fall, when the 5% bordeaux mixture solution was used. There was no significant difference between the groups based on the bordeaux mixture in this period. During the same period, reductions of CFU of 28.5, 74.9 and 74.4% were verified in the integument of B. mori when bordeaux mixture solutions of 5, 10 and 20% were used, respectively, compared with the data that were obtained in the control group. In the spring, no difference was observed between the groups that received bordeaux mixture solution and the control. In the case of BmNPV, the 10% bordeaux mixture solution promoted greater resistance to viral infection, possibly favoring the activation of defense mechanisms of insects. Therefore, we recommend the use of a 10% bordeaux mixture solution in mulberry leaves to control fungal and viral diseases in silkworm rearing. ResumoA calda bordalesa é um produto usado como fungicida agrícola natural e sua aplicação em sericicultura pode beneficiar a produção de casulos do bicho-da-seda, Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae). O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar se a calda bordalesa exerce efeito protetor em B. mori contra doenças fúngicas e virais. O experimento foi realizado em dois períodos sazonais, outono e primavera, sendo utilizadas 7.500 lagartas no início do terceiro instar, divididas em cinco grupos, com três repetições de 500 indivíduos cada. Em três grupos as lagartas foram alimentadas com folhas de amoreira (Morus spp.) enri...

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Primary Infection of Insect Tracheae by Autographa californica M Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus

Cited by 49 publications

References 0 publications

Cytopathological process by multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus in the testis of Bombyx mori L., 1758 (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae)

Cytopathological process by multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus in the testis of Bombyx mori L., 1758 (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae)

Tolerance to Bacillus thuringiensis endotoxin in immune-suppressed larvae of the flour moth Ephestia kuehniella

Mulberry leaves treated with bordeaux mixture protect silkworm caterpillars against fungal and viral diseases

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