Primary Hypothyroidism With Hyper‐prolactinaemia and Pituitary Enlargement Mimicking a Pituitary Macroadenoma

Özbey, Neşe; E, Sariyildiz; Yilmaz, L; Orhan, Yusuf; E, Sencer; Molvalílar, S

doi:10.1111/j.1742-1241.1997.tb11502.x

Cited by 11 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 27 publications

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“…The literature search yielded 649 potentially relevant articles, spanning from January 1996 to December 2023. Following the removal of duplicates and the review of titles, abstracts, and full-length articles, we identified 55 articles [ 6 , 9 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 ,…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pituitary Hyperplasia Due to Longstanding Primary Hypothyroidism: A Case Report and Comprehensive Review of the Literature

Roux,

Rosso,

Cuboni

et al. 2024

Biomedicines

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Hypothyroidism is a frequently diagnosed endocrine disorder. Common signs and symptoms include fatigue, cold intolerance, hoarseness, dry skin, constipation, a slow relaxation phase of deep tendon reflexes, and bradycardia. However, some patients may exhibit atypical signs and symptoms, which can result in diagnostic confusion. Pituitary hyperplasia resulting from longstanding primary hypothyroidism was first described by Niepce in 1851. It is usually asymptomatic, but sometimes, in addition to symptoms of overt hypothyroidism, patients may complain of headaches, hypopituitarism, visual field impairment, and hyperprolactinemia. Furthermore, on imaging, pituitary hyperplasia can be mistaken for a pituitary adenoma. Distinguishing between the two is crucial, as their management differs; the former often responds to thyroid hormone replacement therapy, while the latter might need treatment with surgery and/or radiotherapy. Here we describe a patient who developed pituitary hyperplasia in the setting of longstanding uncompensated primary hypothyroidism due to a lack of compliance with levothyroxine replacement therapy. We also review the clinical, laboratory, and radiologic findings of the case reports available in the literature up to now in order to improve the knowledge and the care of the disease.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pituitary Hyperplasia Due to Longstanding Primary Hypothyroidism: A Case Report and Comprehensive Review of the Literature

Roux,

Rosso,

Cuboni

et al. 2024

Biomedicines

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Pituitary tumorous hyperplasia due to primary hypothyroidism

Han

Wang²,

Shu

et al. 2012

Acta Neurochir

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BackgroundTo study the diagnostic and therapeutic features of pituitary tumorous hyperplasia due to primary hypothyroidism.MethodsFifteen patients with pituitary tumorous hyperplasia were studied in clinical manifestation, pathologic, endocrinological, radiographic and therapeutic features retrospectively.ResultsAll of these patients suffered from primary hypothyroidism. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanning found that there were masses in the sellar region with equal T1 and little longer T2 signal, and which could be obviously enhanced by gadolinium EDTA injection. Diameters of these masses were between 1.1 and 2.5 cm. Thyroxine substitution therapy was ordered. Four months later, MRI scanning found that the masses disappeared and only normal pituitary gland left. Plasma thyroxine, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and prolactin (PRL) levels dropped to their normal ranges.ConclusionsThyroxine substitution therapy was the first choice of pituitary tumorous hyperplasia due to primary hypothyroidism. If they are followed by TSH adenoma, or the optic chiasma was pressed by the enlarged pituitary, transsphenoidal microsurgery could be applied.

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Empty sella and primary autoimmune hypothyroidism

et al. 2009

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In order to assess the association between empty sella (ES) and primary autoimmune hypothyroidism, and the possibility of a common pathogenesis. We retrospectively studied all patients with presumed ES diagnosed in the last 20 years, most of whom were treated by our Endocrinology Department. Subjects with a known etiology were excluded. Incomplete records or those with a doubtful diagnosis were also excluded. A total of 56 subjects were included in the study. ES was diagnosed by pituitary MRI. The measurement of free T4, TSH, and antithyroid antibodies (TPOAb and TgAb) was assayed using commercial kits. The cases of hypothyroidism obtained were compared with those in another group of similar patients, diagnosed with diabetes mellitus type 2, through chi2 test. A total of 15 (26.78%) patients of 56 with ES had autoimmune thyroid disease (subclinical or clinical hypothyroidism). Primary hypothyroidism with negative antithyroid autoantibodies was found in a further 13 patients (23.21%). The 46.42% of ES had primary hypothyroidism; this result had obtained a statistically significant difference when compared to the ratio obtained in the group of diabetes mellitus type 2 (P < 0.0029). There is an important association between ES and autoimmune thyroid disease, which reached 26.78% in our series. We suggest the possibility of a common pathogenesis for certain cases of ES and autoimmune thyroid disease, with the end point of ES in the pituitary, and atrophy in the thyroid gland.

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Primary Hypothyroidism With Hyper‐prolactinaemia and Pituitary Enlargement Mimicking a Pituitary Macroadenoma

Cited by 11 publications

References 27 publications

Pituitary Hyperplasia Due to Longstanding Primary Hypothyroidism: A Case Report and Comprehensive Review of the Literature

Pituitary Hyperplasia Due to Longstanding Primary Hypothyroidism: A Case Report and Comprehensive Review of the Literature

Pituitary tumorous hyperplasia due to primary hypothyroidism

Empty sella and primary autoimmune hypothyroidism

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