Primary Hypersomnias of Central Origin

Malhotra, Samit; Kushida, Clete A.

doi:10.1212/01.con.0000427212.05930.c4

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Abnormalities in orexin signaling pathways underlie the pathophysiology of sleep disorders (Baumann and Bassetti, 2005a, b; Cao and Guilleminault, 2011; Dyken and Yamada, 2005; Malhotra and Kushida, 2013; Mignot, 2004; Overeem et al, 2001; Ritchie et al, 2010; Tafti et al, 2005; Taheri et al, 2002; Wisor and Kilduff, 2005; Zeitzer, 2013) such as narcolepsy (Nishino et al, 2000; Peyron et al, 2000; Thannickal et al, 2000) and may contribute to posttraumatic hypersomnia or excessive daytime sleepiness due to traumatic brain injury (Baumann, 2012; Baumann et al, 2009), post traumatic stress disorder (Strawn et al, 2010), or obstructive sleep apnea (Ahmed et al, 2012; Wang et al, 2013). Insufficient central orexin signaling has also been associated with other medical conditions (Mignot et al, 2002; Vankova et al, 2003) such as obesity (Van Cauter and Knutson, 2008), age-related anorexia (Kmiec et al, 2013), multiple system atrophy (Benarroch et al, 2007), neurological disorders (Fronczek et al, 2009), Parkinson’s disease (Fronczek et al, 2007; Thannickal et al, 2007; Wienecke et al, 2012), and Alzheimer’s disease (Slats et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep disorders, obesity, and aging: The role of orexin

Nixon

Mavanji

Butterick

et al. 2015

Ageing Research Reviews

106

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The hypothalamic neuropeptides orexin A and B (hypocretin 1 and 2) are important homeostatic mediators of central control of energy metabolism and maintenance of sleep/wake states. Dysregulation or loss of orexin signaling has been linked to narcolepsy, obesity, and age-related disorders. In this review, we present an overview of our current understanding of orexin function, focusing on sleep disorders, energy balance, and aging, in both rodents and humans. We first discuss animal models used in studies of obesity and sleep, including loss of function using transgenic or viral-mediated approaches, gain of function models using exogenous delivery of orexin receptor agonist, and naturally-occurring models in which orexin responsiveness varies by individual. We next explore rodent models of orexin in aging, presenting evidence that orexin loss contributes to age-related changes in sleep and energy balance. In the next section, we focus on clinical importance of orexin in human obesity, sleep, and aging. We include discussion of orexin loss in narcolepsy and potential importance of orexin in insomnia, correlations between animal and human studies of age-related decline, and evidence for orexin involvement in age-related changes in cognitive performance. Finally, we present a summary of recent studies of orexin in neurodegenerative disease. We conclude that orexin acts as an integrative homeostatic signal influencing numerous brain regions, and that this pivotal role results in potential dysregulation of multiple physiological processes when orexin signaling is disrupted or lost.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep disorders, obesity, and aging: The role of orexin

Nixon

Mavanji

Butterick

et al. 2015

Ageing Research Reviews

106

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“…Observational and experimental studies have shown that short sleep duration and sleep disturbances are associated with poor performance of the body's daily tasks, 1 depressive disorders, 2 impaired memory, 3 poor academic performance, 1,4,5 decreased motivation, 1 suicidal thoughts, 6 obesity, 4,7 and cardiac morbidity, 4,7-9 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Daytime Sleepiness, Poor Sleep Quality, Eveningness Chronotype, and Common Mental Disorders Among Chilean College Students

Concepcion

Barbosa

Vélez

et al. 2014

Journal of American College Health

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Objectives To evaluate whether daytime sleepiness, poor sleep quality and morningness and eveningness preferences are associated with common mental disorders (CMDs) among college students. Methods A total of 963 college students completed self-administered questionnaires that collected information about socio-demographic characteristics, sleep quality characteristics, CMDs, and other lifestyle behaviors. Results The prevalence of CMDs was 24.3% (95% CI: 21.5-27.1%) among all students. Prevalence estimates of both excessive daytime sleepiness and poor sleep quality were higher among females (35.4% and 54.4%) than males (22.0% and 45.8%). Cigarette smoking was statistically significantly and positively associated with having CMDs (p=0.034). Excessive daytime sleepiness (OR= 3.65; 95% CI: 2.56-4.91) and poor sleep quality (OR=4.76; 95% CI: 3.11-7.29) were associated with increased odds of CMDs. Conclusion Given the adverse health consequences associated with both sleep disorders and CMDs, improving sleep hygiene among college students is imperative to public health.

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“…IH is less frequent than narcolepsy, with a suggested prevalence of 0.0035% (61). The estimated onset occurs in adolescence or in the early 20s (62); and a familial predisposition for IH has been observed (63). The previous distinction of IH into separate diagnoses with and without long sleep time has been dropped in the new classification (1), due to insufficient validation.…”

Section: Ihmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical update on central hypersomnias

Pérez-Carbonell

Leschziner

2018

J. Thorac. Dis.

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The central hypersomnias encompass a range of conditions causing persisting or intermittent excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS). These conditions therefore present not infrequently in general clinical sleep practice, and remain in the differential for patients presenting with sleepiness. Our understanding of the pathophysiology, diagnosis and management of these conditions has progressed significantly over recent years, and in this article we review this group of disorders, focussing in particular on recent changes in classification and diagnosis, pathophysiological advances, and novel treatment options.

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Primary Hypersomnias of Central Origin

Abstract: This article reviews the primary hypersomnias of central origin. Where possible, clinical cases that highlight and explain the clinical syndromes are included. Treatment modalities and future directions are also discussed to help the clinician identify and treat the underlying disorder.

Cited by 14 publications

References 29 publications

Sleep disorders, obesity, and aging: The role of orexin

Sleep disorders, obesity, and aging: The role of orexin

Daytime Sleepiness, Poor Sleep Quality, Eveningness Chronotype, and Common Mental Disorders Among Chilean College Students

Clinical update on central hypersomnias

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