Primary hyperparathyroidism – a diagnostic approach

Abstract

Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is characterized by the autonomous production of parathyroid hormone (PTH), in which there is hypercalcemia or normal-high serum calcium levels, in the presence of elevated or inappropriately normal serum PTH concentrations. Diagnosis of PHPT is biochemical. Advances in imaging technology, intraoperative parathyroid hormone measurement, and surgical technique now allow parathyroidectomy to be performed using a focused approach without the absolute need of a fourgland exploration. This brief review summarizes the various diagnostic modalities available for successful preoperative localization and management of the modern day PHPT patient.