Primary Hydatid Cyst of the Diaphragm Mimicking Diaphragmatic Tumour: A Case Report

Review of hydatid cyst with focus on cases with unusual locations

“…the diagnosis of the diaphragmatic location is frequently incidental, particularly when the cyst is small and isolated (26). Differential diagnoses include adrenal tumor, cystic lymphangioma and splenic exophytic HC (26). Our singular case (0.3%) was a primary HC located at subdiaphragmatic area, between the liver, spleen and pancreas.…”

“…Parasites may settle in almost every site of the body forming primary HC (10). Liver and lung are reported as the most frequent locations, yet unusual sites such as peritoneum, retroperitoneum, spleen, kidney, heart, pelvic, urinary tract, bladder, bone, soft tissue, pancreas, gallbladder, inguinal, supraclavicular, cerebral, spinal cord, and abdominal wall have also been described (4,6,7,(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29). secondary HC mostly occurs after spontaneous or travmatic rupture of a cyst in abdominal cavity when free protoscolices and/or tiny cysts develop to become larger cysts (10).…”

“…Diagraphmatic and subdiaphragmatic locations are seldom (1%) involved, and they are mostly associated with liver disease (18,26). the diagnosis of the diaphragmatic location is frequently incidental, particularly when the cyst is small and isolated (26). Differential diagnoses include adrenal tumor, cystic lymphangioma and splenic exophytic HC (26).…”

Primary and Secondary Tumors of the Diaphragm

“…The isolated primary diaphragmatic hydatid cyst is very rare. 29 Even with char-acteristic imaging findings, the unusual location such as the diaphragm may make diagnosis difficult. 30 The therapy of choice is a complete surgical resection as it removes the parasite and prevents hydatid dissemination.…”

Isolated hydatid cyst of the diaphragm, a case report

“…However it should be treated to prevent secondary complications like infection or rupture. [10] Resection of the cyst and pericyst with repair of the diaphragm through thoracotomy is the main line of therapy. [6]…”